As Israel’s war in Gaza approaches its fifth month, fears of regional escalation are mounting as multiple nations target each other’s territories in a series of escalatory strikes. Israeli forces have clashed with Hezbollah along the Israel-Lebanon border since the start of the war, and have continued to strike targets in Syria as well. These have been joined by the Houthi’s attacks on shipping in the Red Sea in an effort to disrupt Israel’s war, prompting retaliatory strikes from the US and UK, while Saudi Arabia has remained reluctant to restart military operations against the Houthis. Meanwhile, Iran has struck targets in Iraq and Syria, and engaged in tit-for-tat attacks against Pakistan.