Key Enquiry Question 1 - UK's Human Landscape

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Multiple Choice Quiz 1 Evolving Human Landscape

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What has happened to the UK economy since 2001? *

1 point

There has been a decline in primary and manufacturing industries and an increase in services.

There has been a decline in services industries and an increase in manufacturing.

There has been a decline in the quaternary sector and an increase in the primary sector.

Why has the UK experienced deindustrialisation since the 1980s - choose two responses. *

2 points

There has been a rise in the importance of the service industries as a result of the growth of financial services based in London.

There has been a rise in the manufacturing sector in Britain because of our low skilled workers and low taxes offered to businesses.

Because of an increase in food imports, mechanisation of farming and the consequent decline in agricultural activity in the UK.

Raw materials such as coal are in abundance and are more affordable overseas, and are therefore imported, reducing the primary industries in the UK.

What is the quaternary sector also known as? *

1 point

the 'new' economy

the knowledge economy

the 'old' economy

the agricultural economy

What makes the UK attractive for foreign direct investment? *

1 point

The UK has a skilled workforce and government policy which offers grants and tax incentives.

London is a world financial centre (urban primacy)

The UK is involved in trade blocs (through the EU) and other global groupings such as the G7 and the Commonwealth.

All of the above

What has been the impact of TNC investment from global companies on the UK? *

1 point

It has increased the number of secondary jobs in the UK and increased the amount of people choosing to emigrate from the UK to other countries.

It has increased the number of primary jobs in the UK and increased the amount of rural to urban migration which has taken place in the UK.

It has increased the number of tertiary and quaternary jobs in the UK and increased the number of international migrants to the UK.

What has the UK government attempted to do to attract investment to rural areas? *

1 point

Raised taxes, restricted investment and neglected transport and communications infrastructure.

Set up enterprise zones, EU grants, regional development grants and invested in improvements to transport.

Nothing as it is happy with a growing North/South divide.

What has caused a change to the ethnic diversity in the UK? *

1 point

Increased migration, differences in birth rates and the development of a multicultural society.

Decreased migration, similarities in birth rates and the development of a monocultural society.

What is the 'site' of a settlement? *

1 point

All the main activities that occur in a settlement - eg residential, recreational, retail, government, entertainment and industrial.

The physical nature of where the settlement is located.

Where a settlement stands on the urban hierarchy.

What are the typical characteristics of inner city areas in the UK? *

1 point

This area is on the outskirts of a city, with large areas of land that was once used for farming, but is now attractive for out of town shopping centres and industry looking for improved access to transport links such as motorways.

They are the most expensive land usually, with few residences and mostly a commercial function.

These are rings of heavily protected land circling an urban area.

They once had industry located there, but these have now moved out; many of the old Victorian terraces built to house factory workers remain, but some have been replaced with tower blocks.

What is the North/South divide? *

1 point

The large wealth divide between North and South created through businesses setting up in the South due to its proximity to London and range of transportation links (eg M25, Heathrow/Gatwick, Channel Tunnel).

How the country is split due to geological (rock type) differences.

The differences between the global rich North and global poor South.

What has the North/South divide led to? *

1 point

Higher incomes, lower unemployment and a higher standard of living in the North compared to the South.

Lower incomes, higher unemployment and a lower standard of living in the North compared to the South.

Why were greenbelts introduced?

1 point

To encourage cities to continue to grow and eventually merge together.

To encourage people to get out into the countryside for leisure and to improve people's health as a result.

To prevent the continued growth of many of the largest cities in England and Scotland in order to protect the countryside from development and to stop two large cities from merging.

Clear selection

What is a problem that the greenbelt has encouraged?

1 point

More people living closer to work.

More people cycling to work.

More people walking to work.

More people commuting further to work.

Clear selection

How is the UK's population distribution changing?

1 point

London is growing at almost 1% a year, caused by economic growth.

South East of England, East of England and East Midlands are growing as more people move further out of London to seek affordable property.

The South West (especially Devon and Cornwall) is rising rapidly as more people retire there.

Areas with slower economic growth in Wales and northern England show evidence of a 'north-south divide'

All of the above

Clear selection

The UK is currently experiencing population growth - why?

1 point

Due to rural to urban migration and an increasing life expectancy.

Due to international migration and a declining birth rate.

Due to net immigration and a rising birth rate.

Clear selection

What has caused the UK to experience a rising birth rate?

1 point

more women in their twenties choosing to have children earlier (due to reduced employment prospects after the 2008 recession).

more women at older ages (born in the 1970s) choosing to have children but who had previously postponed having them for career reasons.

increasing numbers of overseas-born women who often have higher fertility rates than UK-born women (eg for religious reasons).

All of the above

Clear selection

What are the benefits of immigration for the UK?

1 point

Immigration is an environmental benefit to the UK as immigrants tend to take care of the natural environment better and they are an economic benefit as they pay for housing in the UK.

Immigration is an economic benefit to the UK as it helps to balance the ageing effect and social benefits such as multicultural friendships and families, along with benefits to British sport, food, and music make the UK a livelier and more creative country.

Clear selection

What are the characteristics of the rural periphery in the UK?

1 point

They are areas of low population density.

They are areas with older populations.

They are areas often with lower incomes due to most jobs being in farming and tourism.

They are areas with high transport costs.

They are areas that have experienced high levels of out-migration of younger people as they are faced with fewer opportunities for university or employment.

All of the above

Clear selection

What does affluent mean?

1 point

lower-income

higher-income

Clear selection

What happened to cause the domino effect in the north-east of England?

1 point

Coal was expensive to mine, because it was deep. Little coal is produced in the region now.

Steel suffered from cheap overseas competition. In 2015 the steel works in Redcar was closed.

Shipbuilding and engineering collapsed when Asian countries began to build cheaper, larger ships. Shipbuilding on the Tyne finally ended in 2007.

All of the above

Clear selection

What is the average salary for a worker in Canary Wharf?

1 point

£25,000

£50,000

£100,000

Clear selection

What types of jobs can be found in Canary Wharf today?

1 point

UK and overseas property development; law - ensuring investments are legal; insurance - to protect global shipping and property; IT - managing financial systems; and creative industries like film, media and advertising.

transport companies (like DB Arriva and Go-Ahead) and call centres (like Tesco).

Farming, fishing and mining jobs.

Manufacturing and shipping jobs.

Clear selection

Why isn't the knowledge economy tied to cities like the old economy was?

1 point

Because the jobs have left the cities and have moved out to the countryside.

Because new roads and rail links mean people can travel to work very easily, without fear of traffic congestion adding to their journey times.

Because new technology means people can work flexibly in rural locations when they want and they're not forced to work office hours either.

Clear selection

What does flexible working mean?

1 point

people can use IT to work anywhere at any time.

people can work with colleagues elsewhere that they've never met.

companies avoid paying for expensive city centre offices (annual rents can be £450 per square metre, or £5000 a year for an office the size of a small bedroom!).

All of the above

Clear selection

Why are companies in the new economy called 'footloose'?

1 point

Because they can easily slip out of their rented locations due to loopholes in government regulation.

Because they're not tied to a location.

Clear selection

What are some advantages of flexible working?

1 point

It means no commuting - which means lower stress, less traffic and less congestion.

It means parents can work from home, saving money on child-care.

It means better productivity as people are able to work longer hours due to not having to waste time commuting.

All of the above

Clear selection

What is a disadvantage of flexible working?

1 point

It suits disable people who don't have to travel.

Isolation from work colleagues and less contact with your boss - this could lead to being overlooked for promotions.

Clear selection

What is a negative of 'new economy' jobs?

0 points

They need people with top qualifications and skills to work in London, other large cities or science parks near universities.

They offer mostly full-time, contract jobs with high daily rates of pay.

They offer high salaries plus bonuses - many can earn six-figure amounts.

Many 'new economy' jobs pay much less, offering low salaries on small industrial estate, or business or retail parks.

Clear selection

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