PART 213—TRACK SAFETY STANDARDS
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Each track owner to which this part applies shall designate qualified persons to supervise restorations and renewals of track under traffic conditions.
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during a period of restoration or renewal, track is under traffic conditions and does not meet all of the requirements prescribed in this part, the work on the track shall be under the continuous supervision of a person designated under § 213.7(a) who has at least one year of supervisory experience in railroad track maintenance, and subject to any limiting conditions specified by such person.
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When unloaded track is measured to determine compliance with requirements of this part, the amount of rail movement, if any, that occurs while the track is loaded must be added to the measurements of the unloaded track.
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Each drainage or other water carrying facility under or immediately adjacent to the roadbed shall be maintained and kept free of obstruction, to accommodate expected water flow for the area concerned
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Vegetation on railroad property which is on or immediately adjacent to roadbed shall be controlled so that it does not—(a) Become a fire hazard to track-carrying structures;(b) Obstruct visibility of railroad signs and signals:(1) Along the right-of-way, and(2) At highway-rail crossings; (This paragraph (b)(2) is applicable September 21, 1999.)(c) Interfere with railroad employees performing normal track side duties;(d) Prevent proper functioning of signal and communication lines; or(e) Prevent railroad employees from visually inspecting moving equipment from their normal duty stations.
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Gage is measured between the heads of the rails at right-angles to the rails in a plane five-eighths of an inch below the top of the rail head
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The maximum elevation of the outside rail of a curve may not be more than 8 inches on track Classes 1 and 2,and 7 inches on track Classes 3 through 5. The outside rail of a curve may not be lower than the inside rail by design,except when engineered to address specific track or operating conditions; the limits in § 213.63 apply in all cases
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Vehicle types permitted by FRA to operate at cant deficiencies, Eu,greater than 3 inches but not more than 5 inches shall be considered qualified under this section to operate at those permitted cant deficiencies for any track segment.
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Ballast; general.Unless it is otherwise structurally supported, all track shall be supported by material which will—(a) Transmit and distribute the load of the track and railroad rolling equipment to the subgrade;(b) Restrain the track laterally, longitudinally,and vertically under dynamic loads imposed by railroad rolling equipment and thermal stress exerted by the rails;(c) Provide adequate drainage for the track; and(d) Maintain proper track cross level,surface, and alinement
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Each 39-foot segment of track shall have at a minimum—A sufficient number of crossties that in combination provide effective support that will—(i) Hold gage within the limits prescribed in § 213.53(b);(ii) Maintain surface within the limits prescribed in § 213.63; and(iii) Maintain alinement within the limits prescribed in § 213.55;(2) The minimum number and type of crossties specified in paragraph (b)(4)of this section and described in paragraph(c) or (d), as applicable, of this section effectively distributed to support the entire segment;(3) At least one non-defective crosstie of the type specified in paragraphs (c)and (d) of this section that is located at a joint location as specified in paragraph(e) of this section; and(4) The minimum number of crossties as indicated in the following table
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Class 1 and 2 track shall have one crosstie whose center line is within 24 inches of each rail joint (end) location.Class 3, 4, and 5 track shall have either one cross tie whose center line is within 18 inches of each rail joint location or two cross ties whose center lines are within 24 inches either side of each rail joint location.
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Deteriorated such that the crosstie’s fastening or anchoring system, including rail anchors (see § 213.127(b)), is unable to maintain longitudinal rail restraint, or maintain rail hold down,or maintain gage due to insufficient fastener toe load
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Each rail joint in Class 1 and 2 track shall be supported by at least one crosstie specified in paragraphs (c) and(d) of this section whose centerline is within 48 inches
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Each rail joint in Class 3, 4, and 5 track shall be supported by either at least one crosstie specified in paragraphs(c) and (d) of this section whose centerline is within 36 inches
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Two crossties, one on each side of the rail joint, whose centerlines are within 24 inches of the rail joint location
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For track constructed without crossties, such as slab track, track connected directly to bridge structural components, track over servicing pits,etc., the track structure
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Gage Restraint Measurement System (GRMS) means a track loading vehicle meeting the minimum design requirements specified in this section
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Gage Widening Projection (GWP)means the measured gage widening,which is the difference between loaded and unloaded gage, at the applied loads, projected to reference loads of 16 kips of lateral force and 33 kips of vertical force.
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L/V ratio means the numerical ratio of lateral load applied at a point on the rail to the vertical load applied at that same point. GRMS design requirements specify an L/V ratio of between 0.5 and 1.25.
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Load severity means the amount of lateral load applied to the fastener system after friction between rail and tie is overcome by any applied gage-widening lateral load
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Loaded Track Gage (LTG) means the gage measured by the GRMS vehicle at a point no more than 12 inches from the lateral load application point
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Portable Track Loading Fixture(PTLF) means a portable track loading device capable of applying an increasing lateral force from 0 to 4,000 pounds on the web/base fillet of each rail simultaneously.
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Projected Loaded Gage (PLG) means an extrapolated value for loaded gage calculated from actual measured loads and deflections. PLG 24 means the extrapolated value for loaded gage under a 24,000 pound lateral load and a 33,000 pound vertical load.
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Unloaded Track Gage (UTG) means the gage measured by the GRMS vehicle at a point no less than 10 feet from any lateral or vertical load
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Bolt hole crack means a crack across the web, originating from a bolthole, and progressing on a path either inclined upward toward the rail head or inclined downward toward the base
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Broken base means any break in the base of the rail
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Compound fissure means a progressive fracture originating from a horizontal split head that turns up or down, or in both directions, in the head of the rail. Transverse development normally progresses substantially at aright angle to the length of the rail
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Damaged rail means any rail broken or otherwise damaged by a derailment,broken, flat, or unbalanced wheel, wheel slipping, or similar causes.
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Detail fracture means a progressive fracture originating at or near the surface of the rail head. These fractures should not be confused with transverse fissures, compound fissures, or other defects which have internal origins.Detail fractures may arise from shelled spots, head checks, or flaking
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Flattened rail means a short length of rail, not at a joint, which has flattened out across the width of the rail head to a depth of 3⁄8 inch or more below the rest of the rail and 8 inches or more in length.
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Piped rail means a vertical split in a rail, usually in the web, due to failure of the shrinkage cavity in the in got to unite in rolling
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Each track owner with track constructed of CWR shall have in effect and comply with a plan that contains written procedures which address: the installation, adjustment, maintenance,and inspection of CWR; inspection of CWR joints; and a training program for the application of those procedures
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Adjusting/de-stressing means a procedure by which a rail’s neutral temperature is re-adjusted to the desired value.It typically consists of cutting the rail and removing rail anchoring devices,which provides for the necessary expansion and contraction, and then reassembling the track
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Continuous welded rail (CWR) means rail that has been welded together into lengths exceeding 400 feet. Rail installed as CWR remains CWR, regardless of whether a joint or plug is installed into the rail at a later time
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Disturbed track means the disturbance of the roadbed or ballast section, as a result of track maintenance or any other event, which reduces the lateral or longitudinal resistance of the track,or both.
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Rail anchors mean those devices which are attached to the rail and bear against the side of the crosstie to control longitudinal rail movement. Certain types of rail fasteners also act as rail anchors and control longitudinal rail movement by exerting a downward clamping force on the upper surface of the rail base
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Tight/kinky rail means CWR which exhibits minute alinement irregularities which indicate that the rail is in a considerable amount of compression
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Track lateral resistance means the resistance provided by the rail/crosstie structure against lateral displacement.
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Track longitudinal resistance means the resistance provided by the rail anchors/rail fasteners and the ballast section to the rail/crosstie structure against longitudinal displacement
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Train-induced forces means the vertical, longitudinal, and lateral dynamic forces which are generated during train movement and which can contribute to the buckling potential of the rail.
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Except as a temporary repair in emergency situations no rail having a torch cut end shall be used in Classes 3 through 5 track.
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In Classes 3 through 5 track where timber crossties are in use there shall be tie plates under the running rails onat least eight of any 10 consecutive ties.
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Classes 3 through 5 track shall be equipped with rail anchoring through and on each side of track crossings and turnouts, to restrain rail movement affecting the position of switch points and frogs.
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Each switch point shall fit its stock rail properly, with the switch stand in either of its closed positions to allow wheels to pass the switchpoint. Lateral and vertical movement of a stock rail in the switch plates or of a switch plate on a tie shall not adversely affect the fit of the switch point to the stock rail.
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The flangeway depth measured from a plane across the wheel-bearing area of a frog on Class 1 track shall not be less than 1 3⁄8 inches, or less than 1 1⁄2 inches on Classes 2 through 5 track
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The raised guard on a self-guarded frog shall not be worn more than three eighths of an inch
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If a vehicle is used for visual inspection, the speed of the vehicle may not be more than 5 miles per hour when passing over track crossings and turnouts, otherwise, the inspection vehicle speed shall be at the sole discretion of the inspector, based on track conditions and inspection requirements.When riding over the track in a vehicle
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Two inspectors in one vehicle may inspect up to four tracks at a time provided that the inspectors’ visibility remains unobstructed by any cause and that each track being inspected is centered within 39 feet from the track upon which the inspectors are riding
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On Class 3, 4, and 5 main track with exclusively passenger service, either an automated inspection or walking inspection must be conducted once per calendar year
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Recordkeeping requirements. The track owner shall maintain and make available to FRA a record of the inspection data and the exception record for the track inspected in accordance with this paragraph for a minimum of two years
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Hazardous materials route means track over which a minimum of 10,000 car loads or intermodal portable tank car loads of hazardous materials as defined in 49 CFR 171.8 travel over a period of one calendar year; or track over which a minimum of 4,000 car loads or intermodal portable tank car loads of the hazardous materials specified in 49 CFR 172.820 travel, in a period of one calendar year.
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In the event of fire, flood, severe storm, or other occurrence which might have damaged track structure, a special inspection shall be made of the track involved as soon as possible after the occurrence and, if possible, before the operation of any train over that track.
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