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Proteins are large, complex organic molecules that represent one of the 4 important macromolecules for life . All proteins are made up of one or more chains of amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks that make up proteins. Proteins are made up of hundreds or thousands of smaller units called amino acids, which are attached to one another in long chains. There are 20 different types of amino acids that can be combined to make a protein.
Types and functions of proteins
The most important Proteins include, Enzymes, which act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, meaning that they speed the reactions up. One example of an enzyme found in your body is salivary amylase, which breaks amylose (a kind of starch) down into smaller sugars. The amylose doesn’t taste very sweet, but the smaller sugars do. This is why starchy foods often taste sweeter if you chew them for longer: you’re giving salivary amylase time to get to work.
Another type of proteins are Hormones which control specific physiological processes, such as growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction. For example, insulin is an important protein hormone that helps regulate blood glucose levels. When blood glucose rises (for instance, after you eat a meal), specialized cells in the pancreas release insulin. The insulin binds to cells in the liver and other parts of the body, causing them to take up the glucose. This process helps return blood sugar to its normal, resting level.
n conclusion, proteins play many critical roles in the body. They do most of the work in the growth and maintenance of cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.
