Key Enquiry Question 1 Quiz

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Multiple Choice Quiz 1 Physical Landscape of the UK

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Rock fragments found in upland areas are often called...

1 point

soil creep

misfits

scree

alluvium

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Who are geologists? *

1 point

People who study rocks.

People who study fossils.

People who study vegetation.

People who study the atmosphere.

Large cracks caused by past tectonic movement are called... *

1 point

erosion

strata

fetch

faults

These rocks formed from sediments eroded and deposited by rivers, the sea or on the sea bed:

1 point

Sedimentary rocks

Igneous rocks

Metamorphic rocks

Marble

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Horizontal layers in rocks are known as... *

1 point

erosion

strata

carbon dating

faults

Erosion is... *

1 point

the movement of material downslope, such as rock falls, landslides or cliff collapse.

the breakdown of rocks in situ.

the uplift of rocks from below the sea.

the wearing away of the landscape.

What is freeze-thaw weathering?

1 point

When rain adds to the weight of rocks and causes rockfalls for form.

Where lots of scree falls/slides downslope.

When rivers of ice flow through the landscape, they scrape (abrasion) and pull (plucking) at rocks and leave behind distinctive landscapes.

Water gets into cracks, freezes and expands and break rocks.

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Weathering is...

1 point

created by an anticline.

the physical, chemical or biological breakdown of solid rock by the action of weather or plants.

the wearing away of the landscape.

caused by earthquakes.

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What is a scarp slope?

1 point

This is formed when there are alternative bands of hard rock (chalk) and soft rock (clay). As the clay is eroded it exposes the chalk cliff as this is more resistant to erosion.

These form on the opposite sides of escarpments. The gentler slope is called the dip slope.

These are made of clay and are the valleys between the chalk escarpments. They are flat and are low.

None of the above.

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The Lake District was once...

1 point

made up of scarp and vale topography.

glaciated.

formed from dry valleys.

made when basalt cooled to form natural columns.

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This uses radioactive testing to find the age of rocks which contained living material: *

1 point

carbon dating

silicon dating

carbon capture

speed dating

What have most parts of the country been cleared for?

1 point

Amusement parks, Leisure centres, Beaches and Campsites.

Airports, Highways, Ports and Trainlines.

Agriculture, Industry, Settlements and Transport.

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What is an anticline?

1 point

When tree and plant roots break rocks apart as they get into cracks in search of water and nutrients.

When rainwater mixes with gases in the atmosphere and forms weak acids which dissolve rocks like limestone.

A dome of folded rocks, forming an arch.

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What are the positives of agriculture in places like the South Downs National Park?

1 point

Brings in lots of money for the local area and the hedgerows used to separate fields has increased biodiversity in the area.

Less chalk grassland has resulted due to the use of chemicals locally and fewer plants exist now, damaging natural wildlife habitats.

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What is the difference between upland and lowland landscapes? *

1 point

Upland are made of sedimentary rocks and lowland are made of metamorphic rocks.

Upland tend to be near the coast and lowland tend to be mountainous.

Upland areas are often igneous or metamorphic rocks, with some sedimentary rocks, whilst lowland areas tend to consist of younger, less resistant sedimentary rocks.

Upland areas were formed from deposition along rivers and lowland were formed from tectonic events.

How were the landforms in the south of the UK formed?

1 point

They were formed due to glaciers eroding away the landscape in the past.

Many were formed from moraines (a mass of rock and sediment which has been transported by a glacier and dropped when the glacier melts) during glacial times.

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Which two are the negatives of Forestry in the South Downs National Park?

1 point

Lots of trees now exist which provide good habitats to lots of different species so biodiversity is higher.

The timber is sustainable and markets are increasing.

Removal of woodland threatens trees that have been there for thousands of years.

New management means that some trees are overgrowing and this is causing a decline to the quality of woodland.

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Limestone is... *

1 point

an igneous rock.

a metamorphic rock.

a pale grey sedimentary rock.

a soft sedimentary rock.

True or false - Human activity has changed much of the UK's landscape.

1 point

False

True

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Metamorphic rocks form when...

1 point

sediments are eroded and deposited by rivers.

sedimentary rocks are heated and compressed during tectonic activity.

lavas and deep magmas cool and crystalise.

mass movement occurs.

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What is one negative of human settlement in the South Downs

0 points

In recent years there has been an increase in settlements which have not reflected the character or used the traditional building materials.

The chalk escarpments made for good natural shelter for new settlements.

120,000 people live in the South Downs (and in the area surrounding the national park).

Around 85% of the national park is farmed (1,100 farm businesses).

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How are U-shaped valleys made?

1 point

Freeze-thaw weathering causes rock to break away from the sides and when there is too much ice the glacier then moves downslope.

It happens when two corries form either side of a mountain.

This is caused when a much smaller glacier moves downslope and joins a larger one in the bottom of the valley.

They were formed as a glacier moved through the valleys, making them wider through abrasion and plucking.

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Igneous rocks are...

1 point

the Earth's youngest rocks.

the Earth's softest rocks.

the Earth's oldest rocks.

the Earth's least resistant rocks.

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Soil creep is caused by...

1 point

rain infiltrating through, causing a sink hole to form.

rain over saturating the soil.

rain dislodging soil particles.

rain causing a flood on the land.

Clear selection

What is a negative of human activity on the natural landscape in the UK?

1 point

It has improved the landscape and made it more beautiful.

It has made lots of landscapes more exposed to erosion and weathering.

It has scarred the landscape, making it barren.

It has caused mass pollution and toxic levels of chemicals across the landscape.

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