PENILAIAN AKHIR TAHUN (PAT) BAHASA INGGRIS XI MIPA - IPS
TAHUN PELAJARAN 2022-2023
SELASA, 06 JUNI 2023 (PUKUL 10.00 - 11.30)
Email *
Read the following text carefully!
Dear Betty,

I’m writing to you concerning of my last day in Yogyakarta. I just got back from Borobudur, the wonderful temple I’ve ever seen. The weather is fine. We are now staying in a hotel. It’s not far from Malioboro. We are treated well here. It has many excellent staff who serve the customers. We plan to go around Malioboro after the children take a short nap. We want to enjoy having “lesehan” there. It is a kind of restaurant but we sit on the ground.
Many kinds of local handicraft are sold along Malioboro streets. Both domestic and foreign tourist are interested in them. I want to buy some as souvenir.
Don’t worry, I’ll also buy you the most interesting one.

Love
Dara

 Who is letter from?
 *
Read the following text carefully!
It has long been known that when exposed to light under suitable conditions of temperature and moisture, the green parts of plants use carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen to it. These exchanges are the opposite of those that occur in  respiration. The process is  called photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide  and  water  by  the  chloroplasts  of  plant  cells  in  the presence   of   light.   In   most   plants,   the   water   used   in photosynthesis is absorbed from the soil by the roots and trans- located through the xylem of the root and stem to the leaves. Except for the usually small percentage used in respiration, the oxygen released in the process diffuses out of the leaf into the atmosphere through the stomata. Oxygen is the product of the reaction.  For  each  molecule  of  carbon  dioxide  used,  one molecule of oxygen is released. A summary chemical equation for photosynthesis is:
                As a result of this process, radiant energy from the sun is stored as chemical energy. In turn the chemical energy is used to decompose carbon  dioxide  and  water.   The  products of  their decomposition are recombined into a new compound, which is successively built up into more and more complex substances.
After many intermediate steps, sugar is produced. At the same time, a balance of gases is preservedin the atmosphere.
The word “stored” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to …
 *
Read the following text carefully!
Dear Betty,

I’m writing to you concerning of my last day in Yogyakarta. I just got back from Borobudur, the wonderful temple I’ve ever seen. The weather is fine. We are now staying in a hotel. It’s not far from Malioboro. We are treated well here. It has many excellent staff who serve the customers. We plan to go around Malioboro after the children take a short nap. We want to enjoy having “lesehan” there. It is a kind of restaurant but we sit on the ground.
Many kinds of local handicraft are sold along Malioboro streets. Both domestic and foreign tourist are interested in them. I want to buy some as souvenir.
Don’t worry, I’ll also buy you the most interesting one.

Love
Dara

How to the staff serve the customers of the hotel?
 *
Read the following text carefully!
Dear Fina,
Hi there.  things with you? It's good to know that you are doing  fine in business. Have you received my post card? I am now sitting in my hotel room writing a letter to you about my wonderful holiday. I think this is the most wonderful holiday have I ever had. The people are very friendly. There are a lot of interesting tourist objects to visit, beautiful local art and craft, tasty traditional food, and much more. It's Thursday today. I can't believe this is my last day. I wish I could spend more time here. I am certain I will stay longer on my next visit. I'll be home at about 3p.m. tomorrow if the flight is on time. On Monday I must go back to work, I can't wait to show my video to my class. Okay, that's all for now. Send my love to your children. 
Bye.
Best wishes from,
Fico

The letter tell us about . . . .
 *

Read the following text carefully!

You are My Sunshine
(Johnny Cash)

[Verse 1]
The other night dear, as I lay sleeping
I dreamed I held you in my arms
When I awoke, dear, I was mistaken
So I bowed my head and I cried
[Chorus]
You are my sunshine, my only sunshine You make me happy when skies are gray You'll never know, dear, how much I love you Please don't take my sunshine away
[Verse 2]
I've always loved you and made you happy
And nothing else could come between
But now you've left me to love another
You have shattered all of my dreams
[Chorus]
You are my sunshine, my only sunshine
You make me happy when skies are gray You'll never know, dear, how much I love you Please don't take my sunshine away

What happens to the person whom the song is intended to?
 *
______________________ like a cup of coffee?
 *
NAMA LENGKAP  *

Read the following text carefully!

You are My Sunshine
(Johnny Cash)

[Verse 1]
The other night dear, as I lay sleeping
I dreamed I held you in my arms
When I awoke, dear, I was mistaken
So I bowed my head and I cried
[Chorus]
You are my sunshine, my only sunshine You make me happy when skies are gray You'll never know, dear, how much I love you Please don't take my sunshine away
[Verse 2]
I've always loved you and made you happy
And nothing else could come between
But now you've left me to love another
You have shattered all of my dreams
[Chorus]
You are my sunshine, my only sunshine
You make me happy when skies are gray You'll never know, dear, how much I love you Please don't take my sunshine away

The song above is about …
 *
Read the following text carefully!
Gelatin is a protein substance that comes from the skins and bones of animals. Most people know it as the substance used to make a jelly like salad or dessert. Not only is it useful in making these foods, but it is also beneficial to the consumer because of its high protein content. Gelatin is also commonly used in the photographic industry and in making medicinal capsules.
The process for producing gelatin is along and complex one. In the processing of gelatin made from bones, which varies slightly from that of gelatin make from skin, the grease first must be eliminated. Then, the bones are soaked in a solution of hydrochloric acid in order to rid them of minerals and are washed several ties in water. Next, the bones are placed in distilled water, heatedtoover90oF for a few hours, placed in fresh distilled water, and then heated againatalittleover100oF. A fluid forms from this heating,  and it is concentrated, chilled, and sliced. Finally, it is dried and ground. In its final form, gelatin is white, tasteless, and odorless.
“…..but it is also beneficial to the consumer..…”(par.1).
The underlined word means…
 *
KELAS *

Read the following text carefully!

Dear Juliana

How are you? Hope everything is okay with you. I’m all right here. We are going to have the national examination, aren’t we? Are you well prepared for it ? Well, to be honest, I just have some difficulties in preparing for it, especially in science .There are extra lesson s in my school and I take them all. But, I feel that they don’t help. I’m still confused in solving mathematic problems. I’m just worried that I fail the  national examination. Do you have any suggestion for me? I really appreciate your help. Please reply it soon.

Your friend, Wulandari

“I’m still confused in solving mathematic problems.” The underlined word means…
 *

Your friend    :  Why do you look so pale?

You                 :  I have problem with my kidney.

Your friend    :  You should check your health to the doctor.

You                 :  Yes, you are right. I am going to hospital right now.

The underlined sentence express .....

 *
Read the following text carefully!
Dear Fina,
Hi there.  things with you? It's good to know that you are doing  fine in business. Have you received my post card? I am now sitting in my hotel room writing a letter to you about my wonderful holiday. I think this is the most wonderful holiday have I ever had. The people are very friendly. There are a lot of interesting tourist objects to visit, beautiful local art and craft, tasty traditional food, and much more. It's Thursday today. I can't believe this is my last day. I wish I could spend more time here. I am certain I will stay longer on my next visit. I'll be home at about 3p.m. tomorrow if the flight is on time. On Monday I must go back to work, I can't wait to show my video to my class. Okay, that's all for now. Send my love to your children. 
Bye.
Best wishes from,
Fico

What day is Fico going to arrive home?
 *

Which sentence below expresses suggestion?

 *
Read the following text carefully!
Dear Fina,
Hi there.  things with you? It's good to know that you are doing  fine in business. Have you received my post card? I am now sitting in my hotel room writing a letter to you about my wonderful holiday. I think this is the most wonderful holiday have I ever had. The people are very friendly. There are a lot of interesting tourist objects to visit, beautiful local art and craft, tasty traditional food, and much more. It's Thursday today. I can't believe this is my last day. I wish I could spend more time here. I am certain I will stay longer on my next visit. I'll be home at about 3p.m. tomorrow if the flight is on time. On Monday I must go back to work, I can't wait to show my video to my class. Okay, that's all for now. Send my love to your children. 
Bye.
Best wishes from,
Fico

The letter shows that Fico…
 *

Read the following text carefully!

Dear Juliana

How are you? Hope everything is okay with you. I’m all right here. We are going to have the national examination, aren’t we? Are you well prepared for it ? Well, to be honest, I just have some difficulties in preparing for it, especially in science .There are extra lesson s in my school and I take them all. But, I feel that they don’t help. I’m still confused in solving mathematic problems. I’m just worried that I fail the  national examination. Do you have any suggestion for me? I really appreciate your help. Please reply it soon.

Your friend, Wulandari.

Why  is Wulandari worried that she  may fail the  national examination?

 *

Read the following text carefully!

In autumn, the colour of the leaves changes into beautiful yellow, red, and brown. Do you know how this happens? To answer that question, first we have to understand about leaves.
     Leaves are the food factories of plants. Plants take water from the ground through their roots and they take carbon dioxide from the air. Plants need glucose for energy and for their growth.
     The plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose. The process is called photosynthesis and the substance that helps this photosynthesis process is called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll makes plants look green.

                As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. The trees "know" that they have to be ready for winter. During winter, there is not enough sunlight or water for the photosynthesis process. The trees will rest, and use the food that they have stored during summer. The trees begin to close their food factories. The green chlorophyll substance disappears from the leaves. As the leaves begin to lose their green colour, they change into beautiful yellow and orange.
                In some trees, like maple tree, glucose is trapped in the leaves after the photosynthesis process stops. Sunlight and cool rights turn the green colour of the leaves into red. Oak leaves become brown because of wastes that are left in the leaves. This combination of red and brown makes the trees look very beautiful in autumn.
When do the trees produce their food?
 *
NIS / NISN *
Read the following text carefully!
Gelatin is a protein substance that comes from the skins and bones of animals. Most people know it as the substance used to make a jelly like salad or dessert. Not only is it useful in making these foods, but it is also beneficial to the consumer because of its high protein content. Gelatin is also commonly used in the photographic industry and in making medicinal capsules.
The process for producing gelatin is along and complex one. In the processing of gelatin made from bones, which varies slightly from that of gelatin make from skin, the grease first must be eliminated. Then, the bones are soaked in a solution of hydrochloric acid in order to rid them of minerals and are washed several ties in water. Next, the bones are placed in distilled water, heatedtoover90oF for a few hours, placed in fresh distilled water, and then heated againatalittleover100oF. A fluid forms from this heating,  and it is concentrated, chilled, and sliced. Finally, it is dried and ground. In its final form, gelatin is white, tasteless, and odorless.
From the text we know that ...
 *

Read the following text carefully!

Dear Juliana

How are you? Hope everything is okay with you. I’m all right here. We are going to have the national examination, aren’t we? Are you well prepared for it ? Well, to be honest, I just have some difficulties in preparing for it, especially in science .There are extra lesson s in my school and I take them all. But, I feel that they don’t help. I’m still confused in solving mathematic problems. I’m just worried that I fail the  national examination. Do you have any suggestion for me? I really appreciate your help. Please reply it soon.

Your friend, Wulandari.

“I’m just worried that I fail the national examination.” The antonym of the underlined word is …

 *

Read the following text carefully!

In autumn, the colour of the leaves changes into beautiful yellow, red, and brown. Do you know how this happens? To answer that question, first we have to understand about leaves.
     Leaves are the food factories of plants. Plants take water from the ground through their roots and they take carbon dioxide from the air. Plants need glucose for energy and for their growth.
     The plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose. The process is called photosynthesis and the substance that helps this photosynthesis process is called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll makes plants look green.

                As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. The trees "know" that they have to be ready for winter. During winter, there is not enough sunlight or water for the photosynthesis process. The trees will rest, and use the food that they have stored during summer. The trees begin to close their food factories. The green chlorophyll substance disappears from the leaves. As the leaves begin to lose their green colour, they change into beautiful yellow and orange.
                In some trees, like maple tree, glucose is trapped in the leaves after the photosynthesis process stops. Sunlight and cool rights turn the green colour of the leaves into red. Oak leaves become brown because of wastes that are left in the leaves. This combination of red and brown makes the trees look very beautiful in autumn.
“The plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose” (paragraph 3). The underlined word  has the same meaning as …
 *
Leni   : Have you seen Sisca?
Hera  : No yet. It is said that she is suffering from cough
Leni   : So ? Where is she now?
Hera  : She is staying at home ….. her illness.
 *
Read the following text carefully!
It has long been known that when exposed to light under suitable conditions of temperature and moisture, the green parts of plants use carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen to it. These exchanges are the opposite of those that occur in  respiration. The process is  called photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide  and  water  by  the  chloroplasts  of  plant  cells  in  the presence   of   light.   In   most   plants,   the   water   used   in photosynthesis is absorbed from the soil by the roots and trans- located through the xylem of the root and stem to the leaves. Except for the usually small percentage used in respiration, the oxygen released in the process diffuses out of the leaf into the atmosphere through the stomata. Oxygen is the product of the reaction.  For  each  molecule  of  carbon  dioxide  used,  one molecule of oxygen is released. A summary chemical equation for photosynthesis is:
                As a result of this process, radiant energy from the sun is stored as chemical energy. In turn the chemical energy is used to decompose carbon  dioxide  and  water.   The  products of  their decomposition are recombined into a new compound, which is successively built up into more and more complex substances.
After many intermediate steps, sugar is produced. At the same time, a balance of gases is preservedin the atmosphere.
“….. that occur in respiration.” (Paragraph 1). The underlined word is closest in meaning to …
 *
Read the following text carefully!
Dear Betty,

I’m writing to you concerning of my last day in Yogyakarta. I just got back from Borobudur, the wonderful temple I’ve ever seen. The weather is fine. We are now staying in a hotel. It’s not far from Malioboro. We are treated well here. It has many excellent staff who serve the customers. We plan to go around Malioboro after the children take a short nap. We want to enjoy having “lesehan” there. It is a kind of restaurant but we sit on the ground.
Many kinds of local handicraft are sold along Malioboro streets. Both domestic and foreign tourist are interested in them. I want to buy some as souvenir.
Don’t worry, I’ll also buy you the most interesting one.

Love
Dara

Where did Dara got at holiday?
 *
Read the following text carefully!
It has long been known that when exposed to light under suitable conditions of temperature and moisture, the green parts of plants use carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen to it. These exchanges are the opposite of those that occur in  respiration. The process is  called photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide  and  water  by  the  chloroplasts  of  plant  cells  in  the presence   of   light.   In   most   plants,   the   water   used   in photosynthesis is absorbed from the soil by the roots and trans- located through the xylem of the root and stem to the leaves. Except for the usually small percentage used in respiration, the oxygen released in the process diffuses out of the leaf into the atmosphere through the stomata. Oxygen is the product of the reaction.  For  each  molecule  of  carbon  dioxide  used,  one molecule of oxygen is released. A summary chemical equation for photosynthesis is:
                As a result of this process, radiant energy from the sun is stored as chemical energy. In turn the chemical energy is used to decompose carbon  dioxide  and  water.   The  products of  their decomposition are recombined into a new compound, which is successively built up into more and more complex substances.
After many intermediate steps, sugar is produced. At the same time, a balance of gases is preservedin the atmosphere.
Which title best expresses the ideas in the passage?
 *
Find the most appropriate expression to fill in the blanks in the following dialogue :

Student    : Miss Wati, ......................................................  about my English lesson ?

                    Should  I take a private course ?

Teacher   : Yes,I think you should take an English Course because your English score is      

                    low.
 *
Read the following text carefully!
Gelatin is a protein substance that comes from the skins and bones of animals. Most people know it as the substance used to make a jelly like salad or dessert. Not only is it useful in making these foods, but it is also beneficial to the consumer because of its high protein content. Gelatin is also commonly used in the photographic industry and in making medicinal capsules.
The process for producing gelatin is along and complex one. In the processing of gelatin made from bones, which varies slightly from that of gelatin make from skin, the grease first must be eliminated. Then, the bones are soaked in a solution of hydrochloric acid in order to rid them of minerals and are washed several ties in water. Next, the bones are placed in distilled water, heatedtoover90oF for a few hours, placed in fresh distilled water, and then heated againatalittleover100oF. A fluid forms from this heating,  and it is concentrated, chilled, and sliced. Finally, it is dried and ground. In its final form, gelatin is white, tasteless, and odorless.
".... the grease first must be eliminated.(Paragraph2) What does the underlined word mean?
 *

Read the following text carefully!

You are My Sunshine
(Johnny Cash)

[Verse 1]
The other night dear, as I lay sleeping
I dreamed I held you in my arms
When I awoke, dear, I was mistaken
So I bowed my head and I cried
[Chorus]
You are my sunshine, my only sunshine You make me happy when skies are gray You'll never know, dear, how much I love you Please don't take my sunshine away
[Verse 2]
I've always loved you and made you happy
And nothing else could come between
But now you've left me to love another
You have shattered all of my dreams
[Chorus]
You are my sunshine, my only sunshine
You make me happy when skies are gray You'll never know, dear, how much I love you Please don't take my sunshine away

What happens to the writer at the end?
 *
Read the following text carefully!
Gelatin is a protein substance that comes from the skins and bones of animals. Most people know it as the substance used to make a jelly like salad or dessert. Not only is it useful in making these foods, but it is also beneficial to the consumer because of its high protein content. Gelatin is also commonly used in the photographic industry and in making medicinal capsules.
The process for producing gelatin is along and complex one. In the processing of gelatin made from bones, which varies slightly from that of gelatin make from skin, the grease first must be eliminated. Then, the bones are soaked in a solution of hydrochloric acid in order to rid them of minerals and are washed several ties in water. Next, the bones are placed in distilled water, heatedtoover90oF for a few hours, placed in fresh distilled water, and then heated againatalittleover100oF. A fluid forms from this heating,  and it is concentrated, chilled, and sliced. Finally, it is dried and ground. In its final form, gelatin is white, tasteless, and odorless.
Next,  the  bones  are  placed  in  distilled  water,  ….. (Paragraph2).The word distilled” is closely meaning to
 *
Selvi : What do you think of the test ?
Siti    : O my God. I almost lost my mind
Selvi : Why? What happened?
Siti    : .…. the test is so hard, I almost give up.
 *
Read the following text carefully!
It has long been known that when exposed to light under suitable conditions of temperature and moisture, the green parts of plants use carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen to it. These exchanges are the opposite of those that occur in  respiration. The process is  called photosynthesis. In photosynthesis, carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide  and  water  by  the  chloroplasts  of  plant  cells  in  the presence   of   light.   In   most   plants,   the   water   used   in photosynthesis is absorbed from the soil by the roots and trans- located through the xylem of the root and stem to the leaves. Except for the usually small percentage used in respiration, the oxygen released in the process diffuses out of the leaf into the atmosphere through the stomata. Oxygen is the product of the reaction.  For  each  molecule  of  carbon  dioxide  used,  one molecule of oxygen is released. A summary chemical equation for photosynthesis is:
                As a result of this process, radiant energy from the sun is stored as chemical energy. In turn the chemical energy is used to decompose carbon  dioxide  and  water.   The  products of  their decomposition are recombined into a new compound, which is successively built up into more and more complex substances.
After many intermediate steps, sugar is produced. At the same time, a balance of gases is preservedin the atmosphere.
The word “their” in Paragraph 2 refers to …
*
Read the following text carefully!
Gelatin is a protein substance that comes from the skins and bones of animals. Most people know it as the substance used to make a jelly like salad or dessert. Not only is it useful in making these foods, but it is also beneficial to the consumer because of its high protein content. Gelatin is also commonly used in the photographic industry and in making medicinal capsules.
The process for producing gelatin is along and complex one. In the processing of gelatin made from bones, which varies slightly from that of gelatin make from skin, the grease first must be eliminated. Then, the bones are soaked in a solution of hydrochloric acid in order to rid them of minerals and are washed several ties in water. Next, the bones are placed in distilled water, heatedtoover90oF for a few hours, placed in fresh distilled water, and then heated againatalittleover100oF. A fluid forms from this heating,  and it is concentrated, chilled, and sliced. Finally, it is dried and ground. In its final form, gelatin is white, tasteless, and odorless.
The text above discusses about
 *
Read the following text carefully!
Gelatin is a protein substance that comes from the skins and bones of animals. Most people know it as the substance used to make a jelly like salad or dessert. Not only is it useful in making these foods, but it is also beneficial to the consumer because of its high protein content. Gelatin is also commonly used in the photographic industry and in making medicinal capsules.
The process for producing gelatin is along and complex one. In the processing of gelatin made from bones, which varies slightly from that of gelatin make from skin, the grease first must be eliminated. Then, the bones are soaked in a solution of hydrochloric acid in order to rid them of minerals and are washed several ties in water. Next, the bones are placed in distilled water, heatedtoover90oF for a few hours, placed in fresh distilled water, and then heated againatalittleover100oF. A fluid forms from this heating,  and it is concentrated, chilled, and sliced. Finally, it is dried and ground. In its final form, gelatin is white, tasteless, and odorless.
What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
 *

Read the following text carefully!

In autumn, the colour of the leaves changes into beautiful yellow, red, and brown. Do you know how this happens? To answer that question, first we have to understand about leaves.
     Leaves are the food factories of plants. Plants take water from the ground through their roots and they take carbon dioxide from the air. Plants need glucose for energy and for their growth.
     The plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose. The process is called photosynthesis and the substance that helps this photosynthesis process is called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll makes plants look green.

                As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. The trees "know" that they have to be ready for winter. During winter, there is not enough sunlight or water for the photosynthesis process. The trees will rest, and use the food that they have stored during summer. The trees begin to close their food factories. The green chlorophyll substance disappears from the leaves. As the leaves begin to lose their green colour, they change into beautiful yellow and orange.
                In some trees, like maple tree, glucose is trapped in the leaves after the photosynthesis process stops. Sunlight and cool rights turn the green colour of the leaves into red. Oak leaves become brown because of wastes that are left in the leaves. This combination of red and brown makes the trees look very beautiful in autumn.
A part of trees which is used to take water from the ground is . . .
 *
Read the foRead the following text carefully!
Dear Fina,
Hi there.  things with you? It's good to know that you are doing  fine in business. Have you received my post card? I am now sitting in my hotel room writing a letter to you about my wonderful holiday. I think this is the most wonderful holiday have I ever had. The people are very friendly. There are a lot of interesting tourist objects to visit, beautiful local art and craft, tasty traditional food, and much more. It's Thursday today. I can't believe this is my last day. I wish I could spend more time here. I am certain I will stay longer on my next visit. I'll be home at about 3p.m. tomorrow if the flight is on time. On Monday I must go back to work, I can't wait to show my video to my class. Okay, that's all for now. Send my love to your children. 
Bye.
Best wishes from,
Fico

Which statements are true based  on the  letter above?
 *
Read the following text carefully!
Dear Betty,

I’m writing to you concerning of my last day in Yogyakarta. I just got back from Borobudur, the wonderful temple I’ve ever seen. The weather is fine. We are now staying in a hotel. It’s not far from Malioboro. We are treated well here. It has many excellent staff who serve the customers. We plan to go around Malioboro after the children take a short nap. We want to enjoy having “lesehan” there. It is a kind of restaurant but we sit on the ground.
Many kinds of local handicraft are sold along Malioboro streets. Both domestic and foreign tourist are interested in them. I want to buy some as souvenir.
Don’t worry, I’ll also buy you the most interesting one.

Love
Dara

The text gives us information about….
 *

Read the following text carefully!

Dear Juliana

How are you? Hope everything is okay with you. I’m all right here. We are going to have the national examination, aren’t we? Are you well prepared for it ? Well, to be honest, I just have some difficulties in preparing for it, especially in science .There are extra lesson s in my school and I take them all. But, I feel that they don’t help. I’m still confused in solving mathematic problems. I’m just worried that I fail the  national examination. Do you have any suggestion for me? I really appreciate your help. Please reply it soon.

Your friend, Wulandari

What does the letter tell us about?

 *

Read the following text carefully!

In autumn, the colour of the leaves changes into beautiful yellow, red, and brown. Do you know how this happens? To answer that question, first we have to understand about leaves.
     Leaves are the food factories of plants. Plants take water from the ground through their roots and they take carbon dioxide from the air. Plants need glucose for energy and for their growth.
     The plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose. The process is called photosynthesis and the substance that helps this photosynthesis process is called chlorophyll. This chlorophyll makes plants look green.

                As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter. The trees "know" that they have to be ready for winter. During winter, there is not enough sunlight or water for the photosynthesis process. The trees will rest, and use the food that they have stored during summer. The trees begin to close their food factories. The green chlorophyll substance disappears from the leaves. As the leaves begin to lose their green colour, they change into beautiful yellow and orange.
                In some trees, like maple tree, glucose is trapped in the leaves after the photosynthesis process stops. Sunlight and cool rights turn the green colour of the leaves into red. Oak leaves become brown because of wastes that are left in the leaves. This combination of red and brown makes the trees look very beautiful in autumn.
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