Welcome to My Survey on Misattributed Authorship and Author Dispute
Dear Colleague,

I invite you to participate in this survey about misattributed authorship and author disputes in academic publications. This survey is about the following subjects:
Misattributed authorship encompasses two situations: (1) individuals who are granted authorship in a manuscript while their contribution was minimal, if at all; (2) individuals who did contribute significantly but are not appropriately recognized for their effort within the authors’ byline, if at all. 
Author dispute commonly occurs when certain individuals are dissatisfied with the place allotted to them within the authors’ byline. It may be that their place within the authors’ byline does not represent, in their opinion, their contribution to the manuscript when compared to other authors. It may be that they do not appear at all within the list of authors (i.e., ghost authors) even though they are of the opinion that their contribution was significant and they deserved to be included. 
Workplace environment - In this survey, we also wish to explore how the administration of your workplace/research environment affects your experience with honest research and honest research publication.  If you have worked in several places, please choose the one place where you have done most of your research work during the last 3-10 years.
The survey
The request to participate in this survey will be sent to several thousand potential participants. The survey comprises 19 questions. One of these questions contain sentences for which you will need to score your degree of agreement with the statement. It should take about 8-10 minutes to answer. Answers will be collected and published without identifiers other than world region, gender identity, and profession. This survey was authorized by a research ethics committee (protocol RMB-0124-22)
Participation in this survey
Participation in this survey is voluntary. The last question asks you to authorize your voluntary participation. You may discontinue your participation at any time by choosing the possibility “I wish to discontinue my participation - please remove my answers from the final analysis”. Since no identifiers will be collected, we will not be able to discontinue participation once the survey has been submitted. If you have received the request to participate from different sources or on multiple devices, please fill out this survey only once. Fully answering the survey questions and scoring the statements is needed to help analyze the answers. Other than our gratitude, we cannot compensate participants. If the results of this survey are published, this will be done without identifiers.  Comments may be sent directly to my email. 

Thank you,
Itamar Ashkenazi, Rambam Health Care Campus, Technion Institute of Technology (personal email: i_ashkenazi@yahoo.com)
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1. Please indicate the region where most of your work/research was performed in the last 10 years:  
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2. With which gender do you most identify? Please choose one option  
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3. Please indicate your main area of research?  
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4. Please indicate your specialty
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5. How many times have you been the author/co-author of a biomedical publication?
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6. How many times have you been the main author of a biomedical publication?
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7. In your opinion, in your workplace/research environment, how often were academic manuscripts published in which individuals were added to the list of authors, though they did not contribute significantly to the work being published?
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8. In your opinion, in your workplace/research environment, how often were co-authors displaced from their appropriate place in the list of authors?
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9. In your opinion, in your workplace/research environment, how often were individuals who significantly contributed to the academic work being published not acknowledged at all as authors in the final publication?
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10. How many times have you personally been an author, co-author, contributed to, or involved in a manuscript in which "Gift Authorship" was awarded?
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11. How many times have you personally been an author, co-author, contributed to, or involved in a manuscript in which individuals who contributed significantly to the academic work being published were either displaced within the authors' byline or not acknowledged at all?
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12. Please indicate if you strongly disagree (1), somewhat disagree (2), somewhat agree (3), or strongly agree (4) with the following nine statements concerning the administration of the institution where you have done most of your research work in the last 3-10 years:
(1) Strongly disagree
(2) Somewhat disagree
(3) Somewhat agree
(4) Strongly agree
The administration take active steps to promote honest research.
The administration take active steps to condemn misattributed authorship.
The administration actively take an interest in your rights as contributors in research and publication.
If you were involved in a case of author dispute with another author within your institution, you would want the institution's administration to be involved in resolving this dispute.
If you were involved in a case of author dispute with another author within your institution, you trust you would be treated fairly by the administration of your institution if they were asked to intervene.
The leaders of the administration place honest research and/or honest publication above their personal relationships with different researchers in the institution.
The administration care about honest research.
The administration care about honest publication.
In case of author disputes, the administration place personal interests before honest research and publication.
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13. Which answer best defines the institution where you have done most of your research work in the last 3-10 years?
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14. If you were personally involved in a situation of an author dispute, who do you think is the best authority to deal with this dispute in an honest way?
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15.  The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) defined four criteria for establishing authorship:
(1) Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work;
(2) Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content;
(3) Final approval of the version to be published;
(4) Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Which of these sentences best represents your opinion concerning meeting the criteria for authorship as indicated by the ICMJE?  
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16. Which of these sentences best represents your opinion concerning misattributed authorship (gift/ghost/guest)?
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17. In your workplace/research environment, has your administration made known (declared and/or published) its policy on authorship in academic publications?
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18. Do you wish to be included or withdrawn from this survey?
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19. If you have any comments concerning the survey, please add these below:
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