Preventing noncommunicable diseases

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Minimal - 15 correct answers

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Treatment of a patient in diabetic ketoacidosis includes all of the following EXCEPT
*

1 point

Aggressive volume replacement

Frequent glucose monitoring

Insulin

Potassium

Sodium bicarbonate

Unique features of general practice:

1 point

First contact

Early diagnosis of life-threatening and serious disease

Continuity and availability of care

Personalized care

Care of acute and chronic illness

Holistic approach to management

All correct

Which of the following statements about systolic hypertension is true?

1 point

It represents relatively little risk to the patient

It is defined as a systolic pressure >140 mm Hg with a diastolic pressure >100 mm Hg

It does not increase the risk of stroke

It is often caused by mitral regurgitation

It is more dangerous to elderly patients than an elevated diastolic pressure

Which of the following is true regarding breast cancer screening?
*

1 point

Teaching breast self-examination reduces breast cancer mortality

Teaching breast self-examination should start at as early as 15 years of age

The goal of the breast self-examination is to detect breast cancer

Mammography is the only screening test shown to reduce breast cancer-related mortality

All correct

Which of the following is the most appropriate medication for the treatment of hypertension in a diabetic patient?

1 point

β-Blocker

ACE inhibitor

Diuretic

CCB

α-Blocker

In a patient with coronary artery disease or >20% risk of cardiac disease in the next 10 years, what is the recommended LDL goal?

1 point

<130mg/dL

<110mg/dL

<100mg/dL

There is no LDL goal if the HDL is >50 mg/dL

Which of the following statements about influenza is true?

1 point

Symptoms usually include cough and coryza

Influenza C is the most common cause of the epidemic flu

Diagnosis requires acute and convalescent titers

Immunization for healthy adults should begin at 65 years of age

A lacy rash is usually seen on the trunk and back

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for MI?

1 point

Alcoholism

Homocystinemia

Type A personality

Male sex

Obesity

How do you want to get informed consent from your patient?

1 point

Just like any other patient, explain the benefits and the risk of the procedure

Tell him the benefits but do not talk about the risk

Tell him what percentage chance he has of a good outcome and do not talk about the bad things that are possible

Explain the information to a tribal leader and let the tribal leader decide what to communicate with the patient

Explain the process of informed consent to the patient and allow him to opt out of any part of the process he desires to avoid

Which one of the following is not a risk factor for stroke?

1 point

Hypertension

Obesity and physical inactivity

Dyslipidemia

Alcohol consumption

Which of the following behaviors or attributes is most strongly associated with your patient’s health stains:

1 point

How often they exercise

Whether they have health insurance or not

How healths a diet they eat

Their social economic status (how wealthy they are)

How much they smoke

Which of the following statements is true regarding influenza?

1 point

Treatment with antivirals should be initiated within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms

Antiviral agents reduce the duration of fever by 1 week

Amantadine is effective for both influenza types A and B

Prophylactic therapy is the single most important measure to prevent influenza outbreaks

Amantadine is the only agent approved for prophylaxis

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease:

1 point

High cholesterol

Cigarette smoking

Alcohol

Obesity

Family history of premature cardiovascular disease

All correct

Sore throat (glandular fever) candidate:

1 point

Infectious mononucleosis

Viral pharyngitis

Acute HIV infection

Group A Beta Hemolytic Strep (GABHS)

URTI (common cold)

Secondary syphilis

All correct

Which of the following tests is considered routine (recommended) in the initial evaluation of a patient with hypertension?

1 point

Chest x-ray

TSH

Uric acid level

24-hour urine protein

ECG

Screen with lipid profile:

1 point

Men ≥ 40 years

Women ≥ 50 years or postmenopausal with additional risk factors

Evidence of atherosclerosis in any vascular bed

Diabetes type 2

Family history of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD)

All correct

All of the following populations are at increased risk for developing asthma EXCEPT:

1 point

Obese children

Female children

Children exposed to tobacco

Children with atopy

City children

Full Name and Surname *

A 60-year-old man presents with pain, swelling, and redness of the first metatarsal phalangeal joint. His cardiologist recently prescribed hydrochlorothiazide for his hypertension. The most likely diagnosis is

1 point

Gout

Degenerative joint disease

Rheumatoid arthritis

Osteomyelitis

Morton’s neuroma

The pneumococcal vaccine should be administered to healthy individuals beginning at age

1 point

50 years

55 years

60 years

65 years

70 years

Which of the following conditions is a contraindication to influenza vaccination?

1 point

Allergy to eggs

Allergy to red dye

Allergy to penicillin

Allergy to milk

Allergy to dust mites

Main features of general practice:

1 point

Domiciliary care

Emergency care

Family care

Palliative care

Preventive care

Scope for health promotion

All correct

Which of the following statements is true regarding pneumococcal vaccination?
*

1 point

Healthy individuals older than 50 years should receive the vaccine

Medicare does not cover the cost of pneumococcal vaccination

Adults with previous splenectomy should not receive pneumococcal vaccination

Children younger than 2 years with sickle cell anemia should receive pneumococcal vaccination

Boosters are recommended for individuals older than 65 years if they received their first dose more than 5 years before their last injection

A 19-year-old man with asthma complains of shortness of breath and wheezing when playing sports. Otherwise he has no symptoms. The best preventive treatment is

1 point

Antileukotrienes before exercise

Regular inhaled steroids

Inhaled β agonist before exercise

Long-acting β agonist

Anxiolytic medication

A 68-year-old patient is seen for a general examination. Current recommendations for immunizations include

1 point

Tetanus booster every 5 years

Influenza vaccination yearly

Pneumococcal vaccination yearly

Hepatitis booster every 5 years

Meningococcal vaccination

What is the threshold BMI for obesity?

1 point

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