OTE2 - Anterior Segment

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MCQs

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1. Regarding Herpes simplex keratitis, which statement is correct? *

1 point

Topical ganciclovir and topical acyclovir are both effective in treating epithelial keratitis

Oral acyclovir is effective in treating epithelial keratitis

Topical steroid is useful for treating epithelial keratitis

Topical steroid can be tapered quickly

Corneal debridement hastens healing in epithelial keratitis

2. Regarding bacterial keratitis, which statement is correct? *

1 point

Topical steroid improves the final visual outcome

Monotherapy with a fluoroquinolone has a worse outcome than dual therapy (combination of aminoglycoside and cephalosporin)

Topical steroid is a significant risk factor in severe infective keratitis

There is significant bacterial resistance to ciprofloxacin in New Zealand

Swabs are not helpful in identifying pathogens in infective keratitis

3. Risk factors for corticosteroid-induced IOP rise include: *

1 point

Diabetes

Young age

Hypermetropia

A and B are correct, but C is incorrect

A, B and C are correct

4. The most appropriate agents for maintenance management of Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis, Vernal and Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis are: *

1 point

Topical corticosteroids

Oral antihistamines

Dual action agents

Calcineurin inhibitors

Topical decongestant drops

5. Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of action of antibiotics? *

1 point

Inhibition of cell wall synthesis (peptidoglycan)

Inhibition of protein synthesis (30S and 50S subunit of ribosomes)

Inhibition of metabolic pathways (folic acid)

Inhibition of multi-drug efflux transporters (P-glycoprotein)

Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis (DNA and RNA)

6. Which of the following is INCORRECT with regards to antibiotic resistance? *

1 point

Production of β-lactamase by resistant bacteria deactivates penicillin

Resistant bacteria exhibit an overall increased cell permeability and reduced drug efflux

The penicillin binding protein (PBP) is altered in MSRA

Resistant bacteria can be transmitted from animal products to humans

Sulphonamide-resistant bacteria do not require PABA for folic acid synthesis

7. Following major changes in the relative indications for corneal transplant in New Zealand/Aotearoa over the last 30 years, the most common current indication for keratoplasty is *

1 point

Keratoconus

Corneal dystrophy

Herpetic keratopathy

Repeat graft

Trauma

Other:

8. In relation to the trend for lamellar corneal transplant techniques in New Zealand/Aotearoa, the most common form of transplant for corneal endothelial disease currently is: *

1 point

Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK)

Descemet’s membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK)

Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK/DSAEK)

Penetrating keratoplasty

None of the above

9. Acute hydrops is the first optometric/ophthalmologic presentation of what percentage of patients in New Zealand? *

1 point

10%

15%

30%

10. What is the treatment of choice for viral keratouveitis? *

1 point

Topical lubricants

Oral antiviral

Oral steroid

Oral antiviral and topical steroid

Oral antiviral and oral steroid

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