Chapter 18:BODY FLUIDS AND CIRCULATION

1. Arteries carry oxygenated blood except *

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(a) pulmonary

(b) cardiac

(c) hepatic

(d) systemic

2. Tricuspid valve is found in between *

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(a) sinus venosus and right auricle

(b) right auricle and right ventricle

(c) left ventricle and left auricle

(d) ventricle and aorta

3. Splenic artery arises from *

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(a) anterior mesenteric artery

(b) coeliac artery

(c) posterior mesenteric artery

(d) intestinal artery

4. A vein possesses a large lumen because *

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(a) tunica media and tunica externa form a single coat

(b) tunica interna and tunica media form a single coat

(c) tunica interna, tunica media and tunica externa are thin

(d) tunica media is a thin coat

5. Carbonic anhydrase occurs in *

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(a) lymphocytes

(b) blood plasma

(c) RBC

(d) leucocytes

6. Wall of blood capillary is formed of *

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(a) haemocytes

(b) parietal cells

(c) endothelial cells

(d) oxyntic cells

7. Cells formed in bone marrow include *

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(a) RBC

(b) RBC and leucocytes

(c) leucocytes

(d) lymphocytes

8. Pacemaker of heart is *

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(a) AVnode

(b) bundle of His

(c) SA node

(d) Purkinje fibres

9. ‘Dup’ sound is produced during closure of *

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(a) semilunar valves

(b) bicuspid valve

(c) tricuspid valve

(d) Both (b) and (c)

10. The lymph serves to *

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(a) transport oxygen to the brain

(b) transport carbon dioxide to the lungs

(c) return the interstitial fluid to the blood

(d) return the WBCs and RBCs to the lymph

11. The blood cancer is known as *

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a) leukemia

(b) thrombosis

(c) haemolysis

(d) haemophilia

12. The correct route through which pulsemaking impulse travels in the heart is

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(a) AV node Bundle of His SA node Purkinje fibres Heart muscles

(b) AV node SA node Purkinje fibres Bundle of His Heart muscles

(c) SA node Purkinje fibres Bundle of His AV node Heart muscles

(d) SA node AV node Bundle of His Purkinje fibres Heart muscles

Clear selection

13. Which one of the following statements about blood constituents and transport of respiratory gases is most accurate? *

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(a) RBCs transport oxygen whereas WBCs transport CO 2

(b) RBCs transport oxygen whereas plasma transports only CO 2

(c) RBCs as well as WBCs transport bothoxygen and CO 2

(d) RBCs as well as plasma transportbothoxygen and CO2

14. Which one of the following vertebrate organs receives the oxygenated blood only? *

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(a) Gill

(b) Lung

(c) Liver

(d) Spleen

15. An adult human with average health has systolic and diastolic pressures as *

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(a) 80 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg

(b) 70 mm Hg and 120 mm Hg

(c) 120 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg

(d) 50 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg

16. Which of the following is not main function of lymph glands ?

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(a) Forming WBC

(b) Forming antibodies

(d) Destroying bacteria

(c) Forming RBC

Clear selection

17. Glucose is carried from digestive tract to liver by *

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(a) pulmonary vein

(b) hepatic portal vein

(c) hepatic artery

(d) None of the above

18. The antibodies are *

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(a) germs

(b) carbohydrates

(c) proteins

(d) lipids

19. The thickening of walls of arteries is called *

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a) arthritis

(b) atherosclerosis

(c) aneurysm

(d) Both (a) and (c)

20. Pulmonary artery is different from pulmonary vein because it has *

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(a) larger lumen

(b) thick muscular walls

(c) no endothelum

(d) valves

21. Which of the following statements is true for lymph? *

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a) WBC and serum

(b) All components of blood except RBCs and some proteins

(c) RBCs, WBCs and plasma

(d) RBCs, proteins and platelets

22. What is true about T-lymphocytes in mammals ? *

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(a) They scavenge damaged cells and cellular debris

(b) These are produced in thyroid

(c) There are of three main types—cytotoxic T-cells, helper T-cells and suppressor Tcells

(d) These originate in lymphoid tissues

23. Systemic heart refers to *

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(a) enteric heart in lower vertebrates

(b) the two ventricles together in humans

(c) the heart that contracts under stimulation from nervous system

(d) left auricle and left ventricle in higher vertebrates

24. Bundle of His is a network of *

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(a) nerve fibres distributed in ventricles

(b) nerve fibres found throughout the heart

(c) muscle fibres distributed throughout the heart walls

(d) muscle fibres found only in the ventricle wall

25. Short-lived immunity acquired from mother to foetus across placenta or through mother’s milk to the infant is categorised as *

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(a) cellular immunity

(b) innate non-specific immunity

(c) active immunity

(d) passive immunity

26. Damage to thymus in a child may lead to *

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(a) a reduction in haemoglobin content of blood

(b) a reduction in stem cell production

(c) loss of antibody mediated immunity

(d) loss of cell mediated immunity

27. Which of the following substances, if introduce in the blood stream, would cause coagulation, at the site of its introduction ? *

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(a) Fibrinogen

(b) Prothrombin

(c) Heparin

(d) Thromboplastin

28. AIDS is caused by HIV that principally infects *

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(a) all lymphocytes

s (b) activator B-cells

(c) T4lymphocytes

(d) cytotoxic T-cells

29. Examination of blood of a person suspected of having anaemia, shows large, immature, nucleated erythrocytes without haemoglobin. Supplementing his diet with which of the following, is likely to alleviate his symptoms ? *

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(a) Thiamine

(b) Folic acid and cobalamin

(c) Riboflavin

(d) Iron compounds

30. Antibodies in our body are complex *

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(a) lipoproteins

(b) steroids

(c) prostaglandins

(d) glycoproteins

31. If you suspect major deficiency of antibodies in a person, to which of the following would you look for confirmatory evidence ? *

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(a) Serum albumins

(b) Serum globulins

(c) Fibrinogen in the plasma

(d) Haemocytes

32. In humans, blood passes from the post caval to the diastolic right atrium of heart due to *

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(a) pushing open of the venous valves

(b) suction pull

(c) stimulation of the sino auricular node

(d) pressure difference between the post caval and atrium

33. In a standard ECG which one of the following alphabets is the correct representation of the respective activity of the human heart?

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(a) T-end of diastole

(b) P-depolarisation of the atria

(c) R-repolarisation of ventricles

(d) S-start of systole

Clear selection

34. If due to some injury the chordae tendinae of the tricuspid valve of the human heart is partially non-functional, what will be the immediate effect?

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(a) The flow of the blood into the aorta will be slowed down

(b) The ‘pacemaker’ will stop working

(c) The blood will tend to flow back into the left atrium

(d) The flow of blood into the pulmonary artery will be reduced

Clear selection

35. Fastest distribution of some injectible material/ medicine and with no risk of any kind can be achieved by injecting it into the *

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(a) Arteries

(b) Veins

(c) Lymph vessesls

(d) Muscles

36. Given below are four statements (a-d) regarding human blood circulatory system (1) Arteries are thick-walled and have narrow lumen as compared to veins. (2) Angina is acute chest pain when the blood circulation to the brain is reduced (3) Persons with blood group AB can donate blood to any person with any blood group under ABO system. (4) Calcium ions play a very important role in blood clotting. Which two of the above statements are correct ? *

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a) (1) and (2)

(b) (2) and (3)

(c) (3) and (4)

(d) (1) and (4)

37. Jaundice is a disorder of *

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(a) Skin and eyes

(b) Digestive system

(c) Circulatory system

(d) Excretory system

38. The haemoglobin content per 100 ml of blood o a normal healthy human adult is :- *

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(a) 25-30 g

b) 17-20 g

(c) 12-16 g

(d) 5-11 g

39. Given below is the ECG of a normal human. Which one of its components is correctly interpreted below *

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(a) Peak P - Initiation of left atrial contraction only

(b) Complex QRS - One complete pulse

(c) Peak T-Initiation of total cardiac contraction

(d) Peak P and Peak R together - systolic and diastolic blood pressures

40. Bundle of His’ is a part of which one of the following organs in humans ? *

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(a) Brain

(b) Heart

(c) Kidney

(d) Pancreas

41. Arteries are best defined as the vessels which *

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(a) Supply oxygenated blood to the different organs

(b) Carry blood away from the heart to different organs

(c) Break up into capillaries which reunite to from a vein

(d) Carry blood from one visceral organ to another visceral organ

42. Which one of the following statements is correct regarding blood pressure ? *

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(a) 130/90 mmHg is considered high and requires treatment

(b) 100/55 mmHg is considered an ideal blood pressure

(c) 105/50 mmHg makes one very active

(d) 190/110 mmHg may harm vital organs like brain and kidney

43. Which one of the following human organs is often called the “graveyard” of RBCs? *

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(a) Kidney

(b) Spleen

(c) Liver

(d) Gall bladder

44. Figure shows schematic plant of blood circulation in humans with labels A to D. Identify the label and give its function/s. *

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(a) A -Pulmonary vein - takes impure bloodfrom body parts, PO2 = 60 mm Hg

(b) B -Pulmonary artery - takes blood fromheart to lungs, PO2 = 90 mm Hg

(c) C-Vena Cava - takes blood from body partsto right auricle, PCO2 = 45 mm Hg

(d) D-Dorsal aorta - takes blood from heart tobody parts, PO2 = 95 mm Hg

45. The diagram given here is the standard ECG of a normal person. The P-wave represents the *

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(a) Contraction of both the atria

(b) Initiation of the ventricular contraction

(c) Beginning of the systole

(d) End of systole

46. Person with blood group AB is considered as universal recipient because he has *

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(a) Both A and B antigens on RBC but noantibodies in the plasma

(b) Both A and B antibodies in the plasma

(c) No antigen on RBC and no antibody in the plasma

(d) Both A and B antigens in the plasma but no antibodies

47. How do parasympathetic neural signals affect the working of the heart? *

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a) Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output

(b) Heart rate is increased without affecting the cardiac output

(c) Both heart rate and cardiac output increase

(d) Heart rate decreases but cardiac output increases

48. Which one of the following is correct ? *

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(a) Serum = Blood + Fibrinogen

(b) Lymph = Plasma + RBC + WBC

(c) Blood = Plasma + RBC + WBC

(d) Plasma = Blood – Lymphocytes

49. Blood pressure in the mammalian aorta is maximum during : *

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(a) Diastole of the right ventricle

(b) Systole of the left ventricle

(c) Diastole of the right atrium

(d) Systole of the left atrium

50. Doctors use stethoscope to hear the sound; produced during each cardiac cycle. The second sound is heard when *

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(a) AV node receives signal from SA node

(b) AV valves open up

(c) Ventricular walls vibrate due to gushing of blood from atria

(d) Semilunar valves close down after the blood flows into vessels from ventricles.