MCQ day 9

Topic 18. Acquired defects of the heart: defects of the mitral and aortic valve

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A 14-year-old girl complains of tooth caries; the tooth should be filled. Anamnesis states that artificial mitral valve was installed 2 years ago due to mitral insifficiency. What antibacterial drug should be prescribed to prevent infective endocarditis?
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1 point
A 30 year-old male with no previous history presents with a syncopal attack and is found to have a pulse of 110/70, a slow rising carotid pulse, a thrusting hyperactive left ventricular apex beat and an ejection systolic murmur with a diminished second sound. The most likely diagnosis is:
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A 33-year-old patient has developed dyspnea during physical exertion, palpitations, disruptions of heart rate, swollen legs. In the childhood the patient had a case of acute rheumatic fever that required in-patient treatment. There were no further requests for medical care. Objectively: heart rate is 92/min., rhythmic; BP is 110/70 mm Hg. At the apex the I heart sound is increased, triple rhythm, diastolic murmur. What heart disease is most likely?
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1 point
A 67-year-old man complains of dyspnea on exertion, attacks of retrosternal pain, dizziness. He has no history of rheumatism. Objectively: pale skin, acrocyanosis. There are crackles in the lower lungs. There is systolic thrill in the II intercostal space on the right, coarse systolic murmur conducted to the vessels of neck. BP-130/90 mm Hg, heart rate - 90/min., regular rhythm. The liver extends 5 cm from under the edge of costal arch, shin edemas are present. Specify the suspected valvular defect:
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1 point
Examination of a 35-year-old patient with rheumatism revealed that the right heart border was 1 cm displaced outwards from the right parasternal line, the upper border was on the level with inferior margin of the 1st rib, the left border was 1 cm in from the left midclavicular line. Auscultation revealed atrial fibrillation, loud apical first sound, diastolic shock above the pulmonary artery. Echocardi-ocopy revealed abnormal pattern of the mitral valve motion. What heart disease is characterized by these symptoms?
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For what heart disorder systolic murmur at the apex beat is typical?
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Patients with heart disease may develop a chronic cough. What is the mechanism?
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The main complaints of patients with mitral stenosis are:
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The most common cause of mitral stenosis:
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What is responsible for the myriad of physical examination findings in patients with severe aortic regurgitation including pulsation of multiple organs?
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