First, read the essential text below.
 
Essential 5: Explicit instruction in letter-sound relationships
"Earlier in children’s development, such instruction will focus on letter names, the sound(s) associated with the letters, and how letters are shaped and formed. Later, the focus will be on more complex letter-sound relationships, including digraphs (two letters representing one sound, as in sh, th, ch, oa, ee, ie), blends (two or three letters representing each of their sounds pronounced in immediate succession within a syllable, as in bl in blue, str in string, or ft as in left), diphthongs (two letters representing a single glided phoneme as in oi in oil and ou in out), common spelling patterns (e.g., -ake as in cake, rake), specific phonograms (e.g., -all, -ould), and patterns in multi-syllabic words. High-frequency words are taught with full analysis of letter-sound relationships within the words, even in those that are not spelled as would be expected."
 
Next, read each bullet in the table and select the column that fits your understanding and implementation of the instructional practice. If you have specific examples of how you implement a bullet in your classroom, you'll be able to share those in the second section. Finally, indicate which bullets you implement in your classroom every day.