TOEFL Reading Test 3

Nama / NPM

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

2 points

(A) Pasteur’s influence on the development of the microscope.

(B) The origin of the theory of spontaneous generation .

(C) The effects of pasteurization on food.

(D) Pasteur’s argument against the theory of spontaneous generation .

Clear selection

2. The phrase “teeming with ”in line 2 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) full of

(B) developing into

(C) resistant to

(D) hurt by

Clear selection

3. Which of the following questions did the theory of spontaneous generation attempt to answer?

2 points

(A) What is the origin of the living organisms are seen on some food?

(B) How many types of organisms can be found on food?

(C) What is the most effective way to prepare living organisms for microscopic examination?

(D) How long can food stand before it putrefies?

Clear selection

4. The word “resemble” in line 9 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) benefit from

(B) appear similar to

(C) join together with

(D) grow from

Clear selection

5. The purpose of the “guncotton” mentioned in paragraph 2 was to

2 points

(A) trap particles for analysis

(B) slow the process of putrefaction

(C) increase the airflow to the microscopic slide

(D) aid the mixing of alcohol and ether

Clear selection

6. The author mention “1.0mm”in line 14 in describing the

2 points

(A) thickness of a layer of organisms that was deposited on an object

(B) diameter of the fibers that were in the guncotton filters

(C) thickness of the microscope slides that were used

(D) size of the particles that that were collected

Clear selection

7. The word “postulated” in line 19 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) analyzed

(B) doubted

(C) persuaded

(D) suggested

Clear selection

8. The objects that Pasteur removed from the air in his experiment were remarkable because they were

2 points

(A) primarily single-celled organisms

(B) no different from objects found in putrefying materials

(C) fairly rare

(D) able to live in a mixture of alcohol and ether

Clear selection

9. The word “it” in line 22 refers to

2 points

(A) a nutrient solution

(B) a glass flask

(C) boiling

(D) spontaneous generation

Clear selection

10. According to paragraph 3,proponents of spontaneous generation believed that which of the following was important for the process to succeed ?

2 points

(A) A sealed container

(B) Fresh air

(C) Heat

(D) The presence of nutrients

Clear selection

11. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that Pasteur employed a swam-necked flask to

2 points

(A) store sterilized liquids for use in future experiments

(B) prevent heat from building up in a solution

(C) disprove a criticism of his conclusions

(D) estimate the number of organisms in a liter of air

Clear selection

12. What does the passage mainly discuss?

2 points

(A) The agrarian philosophy of Thomas Jefferson

(B) The role of the national government in the development of agriculture

(C) Improvements in farming techniques

(D) The impact of the increased importance of the farmer

Opsi 5

Clear selection

13. The word “depended” in line 3 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) improved

(B) relied

(C) demanded

(D) explained

Clear selection

14. The author mentions Thomas Jefferson in paragraph 1 as an example of

2 points

(A) a leader during the Revolution

(B) an inventor of new farming techniques

C) a philosopher who believed farmers were essential to the creation of a good society

(D) a farmer who guided the agrarian movement toward an emphasis on economic development

Clear selection

15. The phrase “subscribed to” in line 8 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) contributed to

Opsi 2

(B) agreed with

(C) thought about

Clear selection

16. Which of the following statements is supported by the information in paragraph 1?

2 points

(A) All government policy makers accepted Jefferson’s views of agriculture and farmers.

(B) Agricultural production declined between 1783 and 1861

(C) The majority of farmers worked for the government.

(D) Agriculture was a vital part of the nation’s economy.

Clear selection

17. According to the passage , the national and state governments did all of the following EXCEPT

2 points

(A) build roads

(B) import new plant varieties

(C) give farmers money for their crops

(D) develop policies that helped farmers export their products

Clear selection

18. All of the following are mentioned as examples of farmers’ meeting the expectations of agrarian philosophers EXCEPT

2 points

(A) obtaining information from farm newspapers

(B) accumulating personal wealth

C) planting new crops

(D) becoming more scientific

Clear selection

19. The word “stunning” in line 24 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) predictable

(B) impressive

(C) famous

(D) gradual

Clear selection

20. Which of the following statements is best supported by paragraph 4?

2 points

(A) Agricultural development contributed to development in other parts of the economy.

(B) European agricultural products were of a higher quality than those produced in the United States.

(C) The growing settlement of the West led to a decrease in agricultural production.

(D) Farmers were influenced more by government policies than by market opportunities.

Clear selection

21. What aspect of North America does the passage mainly discuss?

2 points

(A) The wide variety of climates

(B) Soil types and vegetation patterns

(C) Improved irrigation methods and the expansion of agriculture

(D) The change in precipitation patterns

Clear selection

22. The word “spawn ” in line 1 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) distinguish

(B) eliminate

(C) protect

(D) create

Clear selection

23. The word “partitioning” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) division

(B) modification

(C) opening

(D) circulating

Clear selection

24. According to the passage, acidic soils tent to be associated with

2 points

(A) a high salt content

(B) an increase in farming

(C) large amounts of rain

(D) glacial meltwater

Clear selection

25. The word “enhanced” in line 13 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) implied

(B) increased

(C) indicated

(D) informed

Clear selection

26. How did glacial meltdown affect the soil in North America?

2 points

(A) It redistributed the soil types

(B) It added salt to the soil

(C) It made the soil more neutral in content

(D) It added minerals to

Clear selection

27. The phrase “this regionalization scheme” in line 19 refers to the

2 points

(A) movements of glacial deposits

(B) patterns of natural vegetation

(C) human modification of the North American environment

(D) distinction between humid America and arid America

Clear selection

28. The word “transition” in line 23 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) elevation

(B) change

(C) advantage

(D) condition

Clear selection

29. The passage supports which of the following statements?

2 points

(A) Arid America is not necessarily characterized by the presence of deserts

(B) Most of Canada and the northeastern United States consists of short-grass prairies wherever natural vegetation has not been modified by humans

(C) The accumulation of loess is primarily the result of

(D) Glaciation removed the fertile layer of soil from much of the Mississippi Valley

Clear selection

30. What does the passage mainly discuss?

2 points

(A) The history of the photoflash

(B) Theories about how the eye reacts to light

(C) The technology of modern photography

(D) The dangers of using the early photoflash

Clear selection

31. According to the passage,1/25 second is the minimum amount of time required for the

2 points

(A) recording of an image on film

(B) generation of artificial light

(C) creation of a photographic emulsion

(D) human eye to react to light

Clear selection

32. According to the passage, an advantage of using a photoflash is that it

2 points

(A) can produce repeated bursts of light

(B) intensities colors in photographs

(C) is short enough not to bother human eyes

(D) supplements existing lighting

Clear selection

33. The word “ignited” in line 9 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) set on fire

(B) cut into

(C) opened

(D) shaken

Clear selection

34. Which of the following phrases is defined in paragraph 1?

2 points

(A) ”appreciable period” (line 1)

(B) ”photographic emulsion” (line 3)

(C) ”high-speed movement” (line 5)

(D) ”odd poses” (line 11)

Clear selection

35. The word “evolution” in line 12 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) publicity

(B) adoption

(C) development

(D) manufacture

Clear selection

36. The function of the glass in the first flashbulbs was to

2 points

(A) produce the spark that initiated the flash

(B) magnify the light produced by the flash

(C) protect the photographer from the heat of the flash

(D) keep the metal and oxygen apart before the flash

Clear selection

37. The word “it” in line 18 refers to

2 points

(A) oxygen

(B) battery

(C) wire

(D) current

Clear selection

38. The word “momentarily” in line 20 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) effortlessly

(B) briefly

(C) electronically

(D) gradually

Clear selection

39. According to the passage, the white color of the smoke particles generated by a flashbulb contributes to

2 points

(A) rapid cooling

(B) bright illumination

(C) electrical conductivity

(D) intense heat

Clear selection

40. According to the passage, a flashbulb can be made to burn longer by using

2 points

(A) thicker wire

(B) more oxygen

(C) thinner glass

(D) continuous electricity

Clear selection

41. What aspect of painting in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?

2 points

(A) The impact of some artists’ resistance to the fast pace of life

(B) The differences between two major styles of art

(C) A technological advance in the materials used by artists

(D) A group of artists with a new technique and approach to art

Clear selection

42. The word “depict” in line 2 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) reorganize

(B) deform

(C) represent

(D) justify

Clear selection

43. According to the passage, which of the following was one of the distinguishing characteristics of Impressionist painting?

2 points

(A) The emphasis on people rather than nature scenes

(B) The way the subjects were presented from multiple angles

(C) The focus on small solid objects

(D) The depiction of the effects of light and color

Clear selection

44. Which of the following is a significant way in which Impressionists were different from the artists that preceded them?

2 points

(A) They began by making sketches of their subjects

(B) They painted their subjects out-of-doors

(C) They preferred to paint from memory

(D) They used subjects drawn from modern life

Clear selection

45. The word “advent” in line 12 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) achievement

(B) acceptance

(C) arrival

(D) advantage

Clear selection

46. The exhibition of paintings organized in 1874 resulted in all of the following EXCEPT

2 points

(A) attracting attention from the public

(B) a negative reaction from the press

(C) an immediate demand for the paintings exhibited

(D) creating a name for a new style of painting

Clear selection

47. The word “affront” in line 22 is closest in meaning to

2 points

(A) insult

(B) encouragement

(C) return

(D) credit

Clear selection

48. The rejection of the Impressionist exhibition by critics was caused by which of the following?

2 points

(A) The small number of paintings on display

(B) Lack of interest in exhibitions by young artists

(C) The similarity between all the paintings exhibited

(D) Anger about seemingly poorly painted art

Clear selection

49. The author mentions Renoir in line 25 to give an example of an artist who

2 points

(A) became as famous as Monet

(B) was consistently praised by art critics

(C) described the enthusiasm of the Impressionists for their work

(D) was in favor of a traditional style of painting

Clear selection

50. The word “others” in line 27 refers to

2 points

(A) art critics

(B) fellow artists

(C) individual differences

(D) new styles

Clear selection