Microbiology, virology for Dentists
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Which of the following is a standard resource for identification of bacteria? *
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Which organelle is NOT essential for a bacterial cell?
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Capsule of bacteria:
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Endospore-forming bacteria:
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endospore formation of bacteria contributes to the survival:
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Bacterial cell walls are primarily composed of which of the following?
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Which of the following cell wall components is unique to gram-positive cells?
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Which of the following cell wall components is unique to gram-negative cells?
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Which of the following terms refers to a bacterial cell having a single tuft of flagella at one end?
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Cocci are arranged in chain on the preparation:
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Cocci are arranged in grape like cluster on the preparation:
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What is the shape of bacilli?
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What is the shape of vibrios?
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Which of the following differential staining techniques would be most useful in identifying acid-fast Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
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Which of the following staining techniques would be most useful in identifying encapsulated bacteria?
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Which of the following staining techniques would be most useful in distinguishing between bacteria with different types of cell walls?
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Negative staining is:
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Neisser staining is used to identify:
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Ozheshko staining is used to identify:
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Choose the correct sentence about aniline dyes used to stain microbes.
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Which of the following types of microscopy can be used to demonstrate the extremely thin or tiny live bacteria?
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Which of the following types of microscopy is used to visualize luminous bacteria?
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Which of the following organelles is used by spirochete for locomotion?
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Which of the following microbes is an obligate intracellular parasite that causes respiratory and sexually transmitted infections?
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Prokaryotes that lack a cell wall due to the fact that do not synthesize peptidoglycan and therefore appear pleomorphic:
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Axial filament with 8-14 regular coils belongs to screw-shaped:
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Which of the following microbes is a causative agent of fungal infection (=mycosis)?
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Which of the following statements about dimorphic fungi is correct?
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Which of the following infectious agents lack nucleic acid?
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Which of the following microbes is acellular?
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The genome of which of the following microbes can be represented not only by DNA but also by RNA?
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Which of the following microbes has the ability to integrate its genome into the cellular genome and can cause tumor transformation of these cells leading to cancer?
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Which of the following functions of the viral spike-protein is NOT correct?
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The envelope of the virus is derived from which of the following host cell structures?
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Which of the following pathways is used by phages to enter a bacterial cell?
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Which of the following CANNOT be used to culture viruses?
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A giant cell containing several nuclei and formed by a viral fusion of infected cell membranes, called a syncytium, is visible under a microscope. Name the virus indication method.
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Most microbes pathogenic for humans grow best in the laboratory when cultures are incubated at:
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen that infects the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis. It does not grow in the absence of oxygen. The bacterium is probably which of the following?
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Which of the following culture media helps to distinguish bacteria by the different color of colonies due to different metabolic processes?
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Which of the following method of control microbial growth causes the formation of thymine dimers in DNA, leading to lethal mutations in the exposed microbes?
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Which of the following refers to the type of interaction between prokaryotic populations and human body in which these prokaryotes are benefited while harming the human?
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The term microbiota refers to which of the following?
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Resident flora is commonly found in:
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Which of the following microbiotopes of healthy human’s body is normally sterile?
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Which of the following statements about opportunistic pathogens is correct?
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Which of the following statements about colonization resistance is correct?
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Which of the following terms does NOT describe the bacterial chromosome?
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Which of the following is NOT replicon?
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Which of the following genes would NOT likely be encoded on a plasmid?
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Which of the following plasmids are used to spread antibiotic resistance genes in a bacterial population?
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The transfer of resistance plasmids to antibiotics from one bacterium to another by cell-to-cell contact is called:
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Which of the following mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer is responsible for the natural spread of antibiotic resistance genes in a bacterial population?
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The transfer of genes from one bacterium to another bacterium by a bacteriophage as vehicle is called:
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For the formation of paired mating in the process of conjugation in bacteria, the following is required:
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Bacteria can acquire pathogenic properties through recombination - the insertion of a transposable DNA sequence into the chromosome of the recipient bacterium. Which of the following ways is NOT used to transfer virulence genes from a donor to a recipient?
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During an oral surgery, the surgeon nicked the patient’s gum with a sharp instrument. This allowed Streptococcus, bacterium normally present in the mouth, to gain access to the blood. As a result, the patient developed bacterial endocarditis. Which type of disease is this?
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Which of the following type of diseases is communicable that can be easily transmitted from person to person?
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How many pathways for the outcome of an infectious disease are possible?
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Which of the following infections of the bloodstream characterizes a disease in which bacteria are transported by the blood but do not multiply in it?
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Which of the following infections of the bloodstream characterizes meningococcal disease when bacteria not only multiply in the blood, but also form new foci of purulent inflammation in various tissue and organs?
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Which of the following statements about asymptomatic carrier is correct?
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Which microbial virulence factor is most important for attachment to cells of the host respiratory mucosa?
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Which of the following is an antiphagocytic factor that contributes to the evasion of pathogens from the immune defenses of the host and surviving in it?
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An enzyme produced by Staphylococcus aureus as a clumping factor converts components of blood plasma into a fibrin clot which coats bacterial cells and protects them from phagocytosis, but resulting in blood thrombosis. This enzyme is which of the following?
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Which of the following applies to hyaluronidase?
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Which of the following applies to collagenase?
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Which of the following microbes is a pyrogenic pathogen that releases endotoxin in the disintegration of the shell and causes systemic symptoms in the form of fever with high body temperature and chills?
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Which of the following groups of antimicrobial drugs act on bacteria by inhibiting cell wall synthesis?
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Which of the following drugs used to treat the viral infections is NOT true?
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Which of the following tests is NOT test to determine antibiotic resistance (or sensitivity) of bacteria?
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Corynebacterium diphtheria causes a toxin-mediated infection. Which of the following vaccines can be used to prevent this disease?
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Which of the following vaccines contains pathogen-specific antigens in the form of a live weakened strain of whole pathogens for the formation an active immunity?
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Dental plaque and periodontal disease can be seen as a continuum of what type of physiological process?
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Which of the following microorganisms is closely associated with dental caries?
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Which of the following microbes are early colonizers of dental plaque?
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Choose the correct statement about cariogenic viridian streptococci.
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Choose the correct statement about the biochemical activity of Streptococcus mutans.
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Which of the following types of enzymes produced by Streptococcus mutans is involved in caries formation?
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Which of the following enzymes produced by Streptococcus mutans causes incomplete lysis of red blood cells with cleavage of hemoglobin pigment to green?
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Which of the following microbes initiates the formation of caries and can also cause the bacterial endocarditis?
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Which of the following microbes can cause transient bacteremia after tooth extraction and then adhere to heart valves with cell wall associated M-proteins causing bacterial endocarditis when antibodies cross-react with antigens in cardiac valve tissue resembling M-protein and cause them damage?
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Which of the following microbes in combination with Fusobacterium spp. can cause necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatitis?
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Which of the following biochemical properties allows gram-negative anaerobic periodontogenic bacteria such as Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium to damage the gum and organic dentin of tooth and plays a major role in causing gingivitis, pulpitis and periodontitis?
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Which of the following microbes is latently localized in the trigeminal nerve and periodically reactivated causing gingivostomatitis of the mouth in immunocompromised individuals?
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Which of the following protozoa causes an inflammatory infection in the oral cavity?
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Which of the following microbes is of great importance in the occurrence of periodontal disease and breaks down proteins into hydrogen sulfide which gives a putrid smell?
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Which of the following microbes inhabiting the neck of tooth is the basis for attachment in the form of corn cob to the plaque of other bacteria that are incapable of direct adhesion to the enamel; it forms the basis of the tartar matrix.
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Which of the following agents causes an endogenous yeast infection of the mucous membranes called oral thrush, in immunocompromised individuals?
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Which of the following microbes can cause a cervicofacial purulent-inflammatory infection with a granuloma containing a sulfur granule, consisting of a ray like mycelial mass and surrounded by pus?
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Which of the following microbes causes a conformational disease such as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies leading to death?
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Which of the following infectious diseases is characterized by the formation of a fibrinous pseudomembrane in the pharynx and can lead to suffocation?
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Which of the following infectious diseases is characterized by the formation of an epithelioid cell granuloma in the lungs?
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Which of the following infectious diseases is characterized by progressive spasmatic paralysis?
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Which of the following infectious diseases is characterized by accumulation of mucus in the lung leading to a paroxysmal cough with a “whoop” sound?
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Which of the following infectious diseases is characterized by the formation of a hard chancre?
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Which of the following pathogens causes the blue-green coloration of the wounds edges which makes it easier to identify this bacterium?
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Which of the following microbes is cultivated in a rabbit testicle?
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Which of the following processes do influenza virus strains rely on to avoid the host's immune defenses and be successfully transmitted, often leading to a severe seasonal pandemic?
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Which of the following methods is the most modern and fastest way to identify a microbe by enzymatic amplification of a DNA (or RNA) sequence of interest without isolating a pure culture?
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