Question series 2

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Question series 2

Answer the following questions. Every question can have more than one correct answer. You can get the most points by identifying all correct (and only corretct) answers.
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Eva’s mother suffered from haemophilia, but neither Eva nor her father ever showed any symptoms. Since Eva and her husband want to start a family, she became worried by the possibility of her being a carrier, even though both she and her husband are healthy. They decided to get genetic counselling. What could they find out at the counselling session?

6 points

Eva’s worries are completely unfounded, their children cannot have haemophilia, no matter their gender.

Their husband’s children (sons or daughters) could be carriers, but won’t be affected by the disease.

Their daughters could be carriers, but won’t suffer from the disease.

All of their children will suffer from haemophilia.

Eva has siblings, her husband is an only child. All of her children’s cousins (the children of Eva’s siblings) and all of her children will either suffer from, or be carriers of haemophilia.

Eva and her partner should be careful, they could have a son with haemophilia.

Joey is a rabbit breeder. The rabbits he breeds carry a gene for coat colour, with black (B) being a dominant trait, and brown (b) being a recessive trait. Another gene controls the colour of their eyes, with brown eyes (H) being a dominant trait and blue eyes (h) being a recessive trait. Joey crossed a female that is heterozygous for both of these traits to a male that is recessive for both of the traits. How many of the 32 bunnies that were born will carry a particular combination of these traits?

3 points

18 black with brown eyes, 6 brown with brown eyes, 6 black with blue eyes, and 2 brown with blue eyes.

8 black with brown eyes, 8 brown with brown eyes, 8 black with blue eyes and 8 brown with blue eyes.

16 black with brown eyes, 16 brown with brown eyes, 0 black with blue eyes and 0 brown with blue eyes.

8 black with brown eyes, 16 brown with brown eyes, 0 black with blue eyes and 8 brown with blue eyes.

18 brown with blue eyes, 6 black with brown eyes, 6 brown with brown eyes and 2 black with brown eyes.

A man with strange erratic movement, twitching and in a state similar to drunkenness was brought to the hospital. He passed away after a few weeks spent in the hospital. In addition to multiple unrelated issues contributing to the patient’s death, genetic testing showed he had Huntington’s disease. The doctors became worried; they were unable to contact any relatives and they didn't find any records concerning the man. What can the doctors be worried about?

5 points

Huntington’s disease is highly contagious, they need to know if the man was in close contact with anyone.

They are worried for the man’s children, who could eventually suffer from the disease, but not know about it since the symptoms can develop later in life.

It is crucial to declare a quarantine and put all of the man’s relatives into isolation.

Some of the man’s sons could also have Huntington’s disease.

All of the man’s daughters would suffer from the disease.

Jarka grows flowers in her garden. She likes flowers with different colours and their combinations. All plants that she has cultivated and propagated so far had flowers with the same colour as one of their parents. However, last Wednesday some new plants bloomed, the second generation of red and white tulips, which her friend had brought her from the Netherlands. The parent generation consisted solely of red tulips and white tulips, but some of their offspring produced pink flowers. How is it possible that pink tulips germinated?

5 points

The color of the tulip breed from the Netherlands is controlled by a different type of inheritance compared to the breeds Jarka is used to.

The pink tulips must have been the result of a mutation.

A white tulip was pollinated by the pollen of a pink tulip with the same type of inheritance from her neighbour’s garden.

A red tulip was pollinated by the pollen of a pink tulip with the same type of inheritance from her neighbour’s garden.

The tulips were cultivated on a different type of soil from the plants she had grown before, which caused the change in the flower’s colour.

Pick three organisms that are often used to observe the laws of inheritance and explain in your own words what makes them suitable for this purpose.

4 points

Which of the following would negatively affect the course and results of Mendel's experiment?

6 points

Pollen of a different plant species on pea plants

A mould destroying germinating Pisum sativum plants

Accidental cross-pollination between pea plants

An error in the numbering of the generation of plants

An infertile individual

Mutation of a gene coding for the observed trait

Which of the following statements about recombination is / are true?

5 points

The distance on all animal chromosomes referred to as 5 cM (centimorgans) is equal to approximately 5×10^6 nucleotides. If this were the distance between the end of gene 1 and the beginning of gene 2, it would mean that recombination would occur between these two genes once every 500 generations.

If the fruit fly D. melanogaster has a higher recombination frequency than humans, it would necessarily mean that 1 cM in this species would correspond to fewer nucleotides than in humans.

During a single meiosis, a particular chromosome can be recombined by crossing-over more than once.

The probability of obtaining two original chromosomes after two crossing-over events is not higher than the probability of two recombinations resulting in more genetic material inherited from the other parent on one of the sister chromatids compared to the material originally found at that chromosome, assuming that the chromosome is symmetrical with respect to the centromere, and assuming recombination occurring with equal frequency between any given pair of nucleotides.

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