講題：測繪與治療領域：二十世紀早期中國南方的寄生蟲疾病 主講人：Dominik Merdes博士（德國布倫瑞克工業大學醫療科學史系博士） 主持人：呂紹理（國立臺灣大學歷史學系教授、中研院臺灣史研究所合聘研究員） 日期：2023年5月26日（五） 時間：10:30-12:30（GMT+8）（10:00開放入場） 地點：中央研究院臺灣史研究所802會議室 地址：11529 臺北市南港區研究院路二段128號 (人文社會科學館北棟八樓)　 進行方式：實體+線上（Webex） 主辦單位：中央研究院臺灣史研究所環境史研究群

【摘要】

寄生蟲疾病是由挑戰個體與物種概念的複雜關係所引起的。寄生蟲的生命史被視為由數種物種連結在一起的寄生循環。有鑒於寄生蟲的生命週期的任何要素都與特定環境相連，其生命圖譜可更廣泛地來觀看。例如，傳播瘧疾的蚊子仰賴合適的繁殖場域，而當人類試圖藉由改變環境來根除病媒蚊時，也同時干擾其他物種生命週期中的要素。諸如鉤蟲或引起黑熱病的利什曼原蟲等寄生蟲在人造環境——如種植園或煤礦坑——中大量繁殖，而當人們試圖以破壞環境的方式來遏止傳染病時，同時也衝擊了勞動體制。

我的演講將聚焦於寄生蟲、寄生蟲測繪學，以及1900至1920年代在中國南部地區的治療領域。「測繪學」不僅呈現寄生蟲在地理上的分佈，還包含更通盤的寄生蟲關聯圖，至於「治療領域」是指用於處理寄生蟲疾病的治療性干預措施。寄生蟲學及蠕蟲學在中國南部和臺灣有著非常特殊的歷史。Patrick Manson的血絲蟲研究是所謂「熱帶醫學」制度化的關鍵點。直至1920年代，海關官員、醫療傳教士與日本殖民地醫生等人士均投入寄生蟲學的研究。

在鉤蟲病、血吸蟲病和肺吸蟲病等寄生蟲疾病的研究基礎上，我將探討20世紀初期中國南部地區的寄生蟲學研究和治療實踐是如何發展的。其發展與其他地方有何異同？對更廣泛的環境有何影響？

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Topic: Cartographies and Therapeutic Fields: Parasitic Worm Diseases in Southern China of the Early 20th Century Speaker: Dr. Dominik Merdes (Department for the History of Pharmacy and Science,Technische Universität Braunschweig)
Moderator: Shaoli Lu (Professor in the Department of History, National Taiwan University & Joint Faculty in the Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica) Date: May 26th, 2023 Time: 10:30-12:30(GMT+8) Venue: Meeting Room 802, Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica Address: 8F, Social Science North Building, No.128, Sec. 2, Academia Rd., Nangang District, Taipei City Organizer: Environmental Research Group, Institute of Taiwan History, Academia Sinica

Abstract 

Parasitic diseases result from complex relationships that question concepts of individual bodies and species. Life histories of parasites have been visualised as parasitic cycles which connect several species. Given that any of the elements of parasitic life cycles is linked to a specific environment, these diagrams could be extended. For example, malaria-transmitting mosquitoes are dependent on suitable breeding grounds; and human attempts to eradicate vector mosquitoes have interfered with elements of other life cycles. Parasites such as hookworm or Leishmania, causing kala-azar, thrive in man-made environments like plantations or coal mines and their containment policies affect labour regimes.

My talk focuses on parasitic worms, parasitological cartographies, and therapeutic fields in southern China between 1900 and the 1920s. By “cartographies” I mean not only graphical maps but also more general mappings of parasitological relationships, by “therapeutic fields” the array of therapeutic interventions employed to tackle parasitic diseases. The history of parasitology and especially helminthology in southern China and Taiwan is very particular. Patrick Manson’s filaria research was a decisive moment for the institutionalisation of so-called tropical medicine. And until the 1920s, parasitological research was conducted by diverse agents like customs officers, medical missionaries, and Japanese colonial doctors.

On the basis of diseases such as ancylostomiasis (hookworm disease), schistosomiasis, and paragonomiasis, I analyse how practices of parasitological research and treatment developed in the southern China of the early 20th century. How did they compare with other regions? And how did they affect the wider environment?

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