Introduction to Salmon Habitat Restoration in S’ólh Téméxw: Quiz 3

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The answers to the questions in this quiz are covered in Lesson 3: Water from the Earth Team

Why do late spawning salmon choose warmer waters?

1 point

Oxygen levels are lower in icy rivers

Their eggs have less time to incubate before spring

All salmon prefer warmer water for spawning

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What's the most important consideration when building groundwater channels for spawning?

1 point

Timing; there is a short window where these channels can be constructed

Technique; the grade of the gravel bottom has to be just right or salmon won't use it

Location; surface aquifers are rare and hard to find

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Upwelling groundwaters do not freeze even on the coldest winter days

1 point

True

False

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What does a large conservation areas for a salmon species suggest about its populations?

1 point

They are the result of intensive hatchery intervention

They share genes and movement of fish between watersheds is possible

They are a healthy and abundant population

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What is the relative size of the Conservations Units for Sockeye in S’ólh Téméxw?

1 point

Large Conservation Units

Small Conservation Units

All sockeye are in the same Conservation Unit

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Why do groundwater upwelling areas found along beaches make better targets for habitat restoration than those that occur deep under a lake surface?

1 point

The restoration sites are easier for humans and machines to get to.

Beaches are highly sensitive and tend to be in need of restoration work.

Too many other species might be impacted by changes to deep water habitat.

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Early spawning sockeye salmon are one of the best clues that a surface aquifer is nearby.

1 point

True

False

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What is unusual about the threatened Widgeon River-Type sockeye salmon?

1 point

They don't rear in a lake before heading out to the ocean.

They share genetics with nearby Coho.

They spawn extremely late – as late as April!

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Why do restoration experts hesitate to build new habitat for threatened Widgeon River-Type sockeye salmon?

1 point

They are already being monitored through COSEWIC.

Any disturbance of their vulnerable spawning area could bring unintended consequences

Their habitat is difficult to access so new infrastructure would be hard to maintain.

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Why were we able to repopulate chum salmon in Metro Vancouver?

1 point

The warm waters make it easy for young salmon to thrive.

Conservation groups launched an effective public campaign.

They are a large C.U., so eggs could be taken other areas and replaced there.

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Which of the following do NOT share the traits distinctive of the Water from the Earth species bundle?

1 point

Sockeye salmon that spawn mid-November-January.

Chum salmon that spawn mid-November-January.

Sockeye salmon that spawn mid-August-October.

Coho salmon who spawn December-March.

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Why might you find salmon spawning at the bottom of a lake?

1 point

They are late spawning salmon avoiding winter flooding.

Groundwater springs can seep into a lake 50m or more under the surface.

There are fewer predators so young salmon are safer here than at the surface.

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Pictured below is a newly constructed groundwater channel. How might it look different after a few years of use?

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Sedges will naturally begin to grow along the edges.

Debris from the surrounding forest will begin to build up.

Spawning salmon will clean the gravel bed.

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If a spawning area is under tidal influence, salmon will wait until high tide to come in and spawn – leaving again before the tide drops.

1 point

True

False

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How far below the water table do you need to dig to create a groundwater channel?

1 point

Approximately 1.5 metres

Approximately 1.5 feet

It depends on the geology of the area.

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